Abstract

CONRADO PERANOVICH, Andrés; ROJAS CABRERA, Eleonora Soledad  and  HEREDIA MAMANI, Lina. Infant mortality and health system in Argentina: a 2018 analysis. Investig. estud. UNA [online]. 2025, vol.16, n.2, pp.28-40. ISSN 2070-0415.  https://doi.org/10.18004/rdgic.investig.estud.una.2025.diciembre.3016025666.

Health inequalities in the first years of life have been visible in Argentina, which has been detrimental to the poorest strata of the country. However, it is considered that health care in the country is independent of economic resources, so the influence of other factors specifically linked to the health system is inferred. In order to study these factors, the relationship between the mortality of children under 5 years of age and the country's health care system was analyzed through multiple linear regression models, looking for a link between childhood mortality, infant mortality, and their components, with indicators that cover four dimensions of the health system. The results showed a significant association between childhood, infant, neonatal and post-neonatal mortality with factors such as the ratio of hospital discharges, the number of nurses per inhabitant, the ratio of outpatient medical visits, the distance to hospitals, the percentage of population with health coverage, and the percentage of people who, having a health problem, did not visit a physician. It was concluded that mortality in the first years of life in Argentina is influenced by the characteristics of the health care system, and it is necessary to reassess the organization of its levels of complexity in patient care.

Keywords : Infant Mortality; Child Mortality; Health Systems; Determinants of Health.

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