Abstract

MAIDANA CHAVEZ, Ever Marcelo; FATECHA FOIS, Diego Augusto  and  ALVAREZ, Jimmy Walter. Effect of agricultural gypsum application on the chemical properties of an oxisol and on soybean and maize production. Rev. Soc. cient. Parag. [online]. 2025, vol.30, n.2, pp.32-43. ISSN 0379-9123.  https://doi.org/10.32480/rscp.2025.30.2.3243.

Agricultural gypsum is used as a chemical soil amendment aimed at increasing crop production. This study evaluated the effect of agricultural gypsum application on soil chemical properties and soybean-maize production on an Oxisol in Saltos del Guairá, Paraguay. A randomized block design was used with gypsum rates (0, 500, 1000, 1500, 2000, and 2500 kg ha⁻¹) and five replications. Soil samples were collected 12 months after application at depths of 0-0.10, 0.10-0.20, and 0.20-0.40 m, determining pH, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, K⁺, and S. In soybean, plant height, thousand-grain weight, yield, pods per plant, and grains per pod were evaluated. In maize, yield, thousand-grain weight, ear diameter and length, number of ears, plant height, and ear insertion height were measured. Gypsum did not affect soybean growth or yield but linearly increased maize yield and thousand-grain weight. Sulfur increased across all soil depths; pH, Ca²⁺, and K⁺ were not affected. Mg²⁺ decreased in the 0.10-0.20 m layer at rates above 500 kg ha⁻¹. Agricultural gypsum improved maize production.

Keywords : sulfur; exchangeable bases; Glycine max L.; calcium sulfate; Zea mays L..

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