Introduction:

Inflammatory arthritis is a chronic, systemic autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation, pain, and damage to joints and other organs. Over the years, various recommendations have been developed regarding the use of different medications for these diseases.

Objectives:

To describe the patterns of initiation of biologic and synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (b/sDMARDs) in patients with inflammatory arthritis in the BIOBADAGUAY registry and compare the situation between them.

Method:

Data from the BIOBADAGUAY registry were analyzed, including patients with inflammatory arthritis who had started a b/tsDMARDs by the end of March 2025. The statistical analysis was descriptive.

Results:

A total of 965 patients and 1298 treatments were analyzed. 75% were women, with a mean age at treatment initiation of 43.8 ± 16.9 years. Rheumatoid arthritis was the most frequent condition (69%). Original TNF inhibitors (anti-TNFo) were the first used, followed by the addition of original rituximab and IL-6 inhibitors. Biosimilar drugs were introduced in Paraguay in 2015. In 2020, Janus kinase inhibitors were introduced in Uruguay, and in 2022, they were introduced in Paraguay. Anti-TNFo were the most used, especially as first-line treatment. The frequency of anti-TNFo use decreased gradually with the introduction of new drugs in each country.

Conclusions:

The availability of drugs in both countries was similar. The inclusion of new treatment targets has modified the pattern of use of these drugs.

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