Introduction:

Cerebrovascular accidents are pathologies characterized by the destruction of nervous tissue at the intracranial level due to failures in the vascular bed, such as ischemia or hemorrhage. Several risk factors predispose to this pathology.

Objectives:

To determine the relationship between risk factors and stroke in patients of the Villarrica Regional Hospital in the period 2023-2024.

Methodology:

An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study with an analytical component was carried out in adults of both sexes with a diagnosis of stroke at the Villarrica Regional Hospital in the period 2023-2024. The relationship between risk factors and the predisposition to have or not have a stroke was hypothesized. The Epi Info 7™ program was used for data description and analysis.

Results:

One hundred and fifty patients with stroke and 150 controls were included. Seventy-six percent were male, 75% older than 60 years, 49% with primary education, and 42% were married. The most frequent risk factors were arterial hypertension (88%), diabetes mellitus (67%), and smoking (45%). The predominant type of stroke was ischemic (72%). A statistically significant association was found between the presence of a greater number of risk factors and increased predisposition to stroke: OR 5.62 (95% CI 1.84-17.17; p<0.05). The risk increased as the individual presented more factors: OR 16.31 (95% CI 5.53-48.12; p<0.05).

Conclusion:

Stroke predominated in the male sex, over 60 years of age, married, with primary education. The most frequent risk factors were arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and smoking. The most frequent type of stroke was ischemic. A relationship between risk factors and stroke was found.

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