Introduction:

Biliary obstructive jaundice is a symptom that results from cholestasis. The causes are varied, but it is commonly due to choledocholithiasis, stenosis of the bile duct, malignant biliopancreatic tumors and metastatic diseases.

Objective:

To describe the preoperative management of obstructive jaundice.

Methodology:

Observational research, with a retrospective, descriptive study of clinical records of patients with obstructive jaundice, treated at the Central Hospital "Dr. Emilio Cubas "from January to December 2017.

Results:

81 clinical files were analyzed, mean age 60.22 ± 15.65 years (91-23), 60.49% women. On average, total bilirubin was 8.40 ± 6.90 mg / dl and direct bilirubin 5.13 ± 3.92 mg / dl, alkaline phosphatase 955.65 ± 658.61 U / L and gamma GT 270.56 ± 207 , 35 U / L. The common bile duct on average of 11.64 ± 5.76 mm by ultrasound. Accompanied by pain (97.53%), jaundice (93.83%), coluria (87.65%), acolia (53.09%) and pruritus 4.94%. Ultrasound (100%), magnetic resonance (49.38%) and simple tomography (41.98%), endoscopic cholangioretrography as diagnostic and therapeutic (83.95%), with a complication of 4.94%, were studied. Choledocholithiasis was the most frequent etiopathogenesis; 58 cases (71.60%), then the choledocholithiasis associated with other pathologies in 5 cases (5.65%). Of the most frequent causes of neoplasic jaundice was pancreatic cancer, 7 cases (8.64%). In choledocholithiasis, endoscopic cholangioretrography was performed in 49 cases (84.48%), then cholecystectomy was completed in 32 (55.17%), cholangio-surgical cholecystectomy in 9 (15.52%) cases and 1 (1.72). %) case required biliodigestive bypass. The malignant neoplasms were of palliative management, except 1 case of ampuloma.

Conclusion:

the most frequent cause of obstructive lithiasic jaundice according to this study is choledocholithiasis, with the main condition in women. As a definitive treatment, cholangiography and / or cholecystectomy (with intraoperative cholangiography) were the standard management.

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