Abstract

CARDENAS, Elsa Beatriz; SASAKI, Cristina Mayumi  and  FERREIRA, Francisco Paulo. Phytochemical profile and in vitro biological activity of the crude ethanol extract and root fractions of Eryngium horridum Malme, from the department of Cordillera, Paraguay. Rep. cient. FACEN [online]. 2024, vol.15, n.1, pp.33-43. ISSN 2222-145X.  https://doi.org/10.18004/rcfacen.2024.15.1.033.

Eryngium horridum, is a plant species that has had studies as a weed, but with little information within the context of phytochemical investigations or biological activities of the same, but the genus Eryngium. This species is used in popular medicine as an anti-inflammatory infusion, especially the roots and leaves. The objective of this work was to trace the phytochemical profile of the root extract of the species Eryngium horridum Malme, which is found in the department of Cordillera, Paraguay, also evaluating its efficacy against specific bioassays looking for its pharmacological potential. For this, the roots were dried, crushed and subjected to maceration with 96% ethanol. Then the phytochemical profile of the crude extract and the soluble fractions in different solvents (petroleum ether, dichloromethane, acetone and methanol) was carried out, the chromatographic profile was carried out in GC-MS, the total phenols and biological activity as antimicrobial activity, antioxidant and hemolytic. According to the results obtained, the presence of compounds such as aldehydes, phenols, lactones, among others, was verified. The fraction soluble in acetone (E3) showed a value of 160.6 mg GAE.g-1 of total phenols. Regarding the biological activities, inhibitory capacity was shown against 9 of the 10 strains used, whose highest percentage of activity was 70.10% with Pseudomonas aeruginosas, an antioxidant power of 20.49% with the DPPH method, and a hemolytic activity of 97.8% in the acetone-soluble fraction (E3). We can conclude that the species studied presents secondary metabolites, antimicrobial, antioxidant and hemolytic activity.

Keywords : Eryngium horridum; ethanolic extract; antioxidant activity; total phenols; hemolysis.

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