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Revista del Nacional (Itauguá)
Print version ISSN 2072-8174
Abstract
CARRILLO-SARMIENTO, Isis Janette; CAYCHO-RODRIGUEZ, Tomás; BANOS-CHAPARRO, Jonatan and DOMINGUEZ-PALPA, Francisca Amarilis. Measurement invariance by sex and age of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4) in shipibo-konibo native communities of Ucayali, Perú. Rev. Nac. (Itauguá) [online]. 2026, vol.18, e1800105. Epub June 09, 2026. ISSN 2072-8174. https://doi.org/10.18004/rdn2026.e1800105.
Introduction:
the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) is an ultra-brief instrument widely used for assessing symptoms of anxiety and depression; however, it lacks formal adaptation in Amazonian languages.
Objective:
to evaluate the measurement invariance of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4) with respect to sex and age in Shipibo-Konibo native communities of Ucayali, Peru.
Methodology:
the study has a cross-sectional design.The linguistically and culturally adapted version of the PHQ-4 was administered to 150 participants selected by non-probability sampling.
Results:
Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) showed that the unifactorial model of the Shipibo version of the PHQ-4 was the most appropriate and consistent with the holistic worldview of this community (CFI = .99, TLI = .97, SRMR = .03). Strict invariance was also observed by sex and age; no differences were found in mean scores between men and women, while differences were found according to age, with greater symptomatology in the 36 and older age group.
Conclusion:
the PHQ-4 is an invariant measure for assessing symptoms of anxiety and depression in different sex and age groups within Shipibo-Konibo community.
Keywords : anxiety; depression; invariance; Shipibo-Konibo.
