Resumen

IBARROLA, Paula et al. Factors that influence non-compliance with the vaccination schedule in children under 5 years of age who attend the Institute of Tropical Medicine. Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. [online]. 2026, vol.21, n.1, pp.51-61.  Epub 30-Jun-2026. ISSN 1996-3696.  https://doi.org/10.18004/imt/2026.21.1.51.

Introduction: Incomplete vaccination in children under five years represents a public health concern, influenced by social, economic, and health-system factors that reduce coverage and increase vulnerability to preventable diseases. Objective: To determine the factors influencing incomplete vaccination schedules in children under five years attending the Pediatrics Service of the Instituto de Medicina Tropical in 2025. Methods: Observational, descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional study with an analytical component. Variables included age, sex, reason for consultation, maternal characteristics, vaccination status, and determinants of non-compliance. Results: A total of 352 patients were included; 55.97% were female, with a predominance of infants younger than one year (55.68%). Most mothers were aged 20–29 years (50.28%), in a consensual union (49.15%), and had secondary education (55.40%). Respiratory symptoms were the main reason for consultation (73.58%). Vaccination was complete in 77.27% of children. Timely availability of vaccines at health centers was significantly associated with complete vaccination (p=0.001), whereas maternal characteristics and updated vaccination information showed no association (p>0.05). Conclusion: Timely provision of vaccines emerged as the primary factor influencing adherence to the vaccination schedule, highlighting the essential role of service availability over sociodemographic characteristics or informational exposure.

Palabras clave : Immunization schedule; risk factors; child health.

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