Resumen

SANCHEZ-MATTHIAS, Matias Ezequiel; CACERES-GONZALEZ, Claudia  y  INSAURRALDE, Ailen Daniela. Neurobiology of Violence and Aggression: Effects of Early Adversity on the Human Brain and Mental Health. An. Fac. Cienc. Méd. (Asunción) [online]. 2025, vol.58, n.3, pp.103-116. ISSN 1816-8949.  https://doi.org/10.18004/anales/2025.058.03.103.

The objective of this article is to analyze the impact of neurobiology and early adversity on violent behavior and its effects on mental health. This is a literature review utilizing academic databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and SciELO, with the keywords: 'neurobiology,' 'violence,' and 'early adversity.' Fifty-seven articles were selected from 91 identified, taking into account relevance and methodological quality; 45 of these were analyzed. One finding was that early exposure to violence has a significant impact on brain development, increasing the risk of violent behavior in adulthood. Violent behaviors and mental health disorders were associated with alterations in brain regions such as the amygdala and the prefrontal cortex, which play a fundamental role in emotional regulation and decision-making. In conclusion, it is observed that early exposure to adversity increases the risk of violent behavior. Understanding the neurobiology of violence is necessary to design intervention strategies that promote mental health and strengthen protective factors in individuals exposed to violence. Collaboration among researchers, professionals, and policymakers is fundamental for addressing this problem and creating a safer and healthier environment.

Palabras clave : neurobiology; violence; early adversity; brain development; mental health.

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