Introduction:

Cervical cancer is the fourth most frequent neoplasm in women worldwide, with high incidence and mortality in Latin America, including Paraguay. Colposcopy is a fundamental diagnostic tool for the identification of cervical neoplasia, guiding directed biopsies and stratifying risk in patients with abnormal cytology or high-risk human papillomavirus.

Objective:

To analyze the colposcopic characteristics of women over 18 years of age attended at the Gynecology Service of the National Hospital of Itauguá during 2024.

Materials and methods:

An observational, descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 375 medical records of women over 18 years of age attended at the Gynecology Service were analyzed. The variables studied included sociodemographic and gynecological characteristics, as well as colposcopic findings. Descriptive statistics were applied using STATA 13.

Results:

The mean age was 43.39 ± 13.98 years, ranging from 18 to 79 years. A total of 43.5% of patients did not use contraceptives. Colposcopy was adequate in 74.9% of cases. Leukorrhea was present in 76.5% of patients and atrophic epithelium in 12.3%. Type 3 transformation zone was observed in 28.8% of examinations, constituting one of the main causes of inadequacy. The “dark irregular” Schiller pattern was present in 26.1%.

Conclusion:

The findings demonstrate the influence of anatomical and inflammatory factors on the quality of the colposcopic examination, suggesting the need to adapt gynecological screening and care protocols in Paraguay.

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