<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2521-2281</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Medicina clínica y social]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Med. clín. soc.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2521-2281</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Filial de Santa Rosa del Aguaray, Cátedra de Socioantropología]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2521-22812025000100209</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52379/mcs.v9.521</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Construct validity of the PHQ-9 in university students in Colombia: A Rasch analysis approach]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Validez constructo del PHQ-9 en estudiantes universitarios de Colombia: Análisis tipo Rasch]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cassiani-Miranda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos Arturo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Scoppetta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Orlando]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barrios-Villadiego]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Alejandra]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tirado-Otálvaro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Andrés Felipe]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Duran-Bedoya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Andrea Carolina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Santander Faculty of Health Sciences ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bucaramanga ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Fundación Nuevos Rumbos  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Cartagena Faculty of Health Sciences ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cartagena ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Medellín ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>209</fpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2521-22812025000100209&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2521-22812025000100209&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2521-22812025000100209&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Introduction:  The Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) is one of the most widely used screening instruments for major depressive episodes. However, there are no published studies on Rasch-type analysis of the PHQ-9 among Spanish-speaking university students.  Objective:  To evaluate the psychometric properties of the PHQ-9 in university students using Rasch-type models and to assess possible biases of the items according to gender.  Methodology:  This cross-sectional observational study evaluated the psychometric performance of the PHQ-9 in health sciences students at the University of Cartagena (Colombia). A random sampling stratified by academic program, semester, and sex was used, obtaining a sample of 550 participants (9 excluded for incomplete responses). Participants signed an informed consent, and the study was approved by an ethics committee. Rasch analysis was used to assess model fit, differential item functioning, dimensionality, local independence, and reliability. Adequate internal consistency (&#945;=0.83, &#969;=0.89) and factorial validity were found.  Results:  A cross-sectional study was conducted with 550 health science students from Colombian university. The data were analyzed using a Rasch model, in which the following psychometric characteristics were verified: 1) differential item functioning, 2) dimensionality and local independence, and 3) overall fit. Only item 2 showed a tendency toward differential functioning.  Conclusion:  One-dimensionality and local independence of the items, moderate reliability, and good general fit were found, although there was a gap between the degree of depression measured by the PHQ-9 and the participants' responses. The Spanish version of the PHQ-9 for Colombian university students showed adequate item-level psychometric properties for screening for major depressive episodes.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción:  El Cuestionario de Salud del Paciente 9 (PHQ-9) es uno de los instrumentos de detección más utilizados para episodios depresivos mayores. Sin embargo, no existen estudios publicados sobre el análisis tipo Rasch del PHQ-9 entre estudiantes universitarios de habla hispana.  Objetivo:  Evaluar las propiedades psicométricas del PHQ-9 en estudiantes universitarios utilizando modelos tipo Rasch y analizar posibles sesgos en los ítems según el género.  Metodología:  Este estudio observacional transversal evaluó el rendimiento psicométrico del PHQ-9 en estudiantes de ciencias de la salud de la Universidad de Cartagena (Colombia). Se utilizó un muestreo aleatorio estratificado por programa académico, semestre y sexo, obteniendo una muestra de 550 participantes (9 excluidos por respuestas incompletas). Los participantes firmaron un consentimiento informado, y el estudio fue aprobado por un comité de ética. Se empleó el análisis de Rasch para evaluar el ajuste del modelo, funcionamiento diferencial de los ítems, dimensionalidad, independencia local y confiabilidad. Se encontró una adecuada consistencia interna (&#945;=0.83, &#969;=0.89) y validez factorial.  Resultados:  Se realizó un estudio transversal con 550 estudiantes de ciencias de la salud de una universidad colombiana. Los datos fueron analizados mediante un modelo Rasch, en el que se verificaron las siguientes características psicométricas: 1) funcionamiento diferencial de los ítems, 2) dimensionalidad e independencia local, y 3) ajuste general. Solo el ítem 2 mostró una tendencia hacia el funcionamiento diferencial.  Conclusion:  Se encontró unidimensionalidad e independencia local de los ítems, fiabilidad moderada y buen ajuste general, aunque hubo una discrepancia entre el grado de depresión medido por el PHQ-9 y las respuestas de los participantes. La versión en español del PHQ-9 para estudiantes universitarios colombianos mostró propiedades psicométricas adecuadas a nivel de ítems para la detección de episodios depresivos mayores.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Depression]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Psychometrics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Patient Health Questionnaire]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Reproducibility of Results.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Depresión]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Psicometría]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Cuestionario de Salud del Paciente]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Reproducibilidad de los resultados.]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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