<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2521-2281</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Medicina clínica y social]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Med. clín. soc.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2521-2281</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Filial de Santa Rosa del Aguaray, Cátedra de Socioantropología]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2521-22812025000100207</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52379/mcs.v9.496</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Análisis comparativo de alteraciones neurorretinales entre pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 sin evidencia de retinopatía diabética y un grupo control sano]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Comparative analysis of neuroretinal alterations between patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus without evidence of diabetic retinopathy and a healthy control group]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rubén Darío Picco]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[RaúlVera-Duarte]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Guillermo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sara]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Verónica]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arrúa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Martín]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sanabria]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luis B. González]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Asunción Facultad de Ciencias Médicas ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[San Lorenzo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Paraguay</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>207</fpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2521-22812025000100207&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2521-22812025000100207&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2521-22812025000100207&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción:  La Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 (DM2) causa resistencia a la insulina y puede generar complicaciones como la Retinopatía Diabética (RD), afectando la visión. La Tomografía de Coherencia Óptica (OCT) permite su detección temprana.  Objetivo: El estudio tuvo como objetivo comparar las alteraciones neurorretinales entre pacientes con Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 (DM2) sin evidencia de Retinopatía Diabética (RD) y un grupo control sano.  Metodología:  Se incluyeron 220 ojos de 110 pacientes con DM2 sin RD y 220 ojos de 110 controles sanos. Se realizó una historia clínica y examen oftalmológico completo, evaluaciones oftalmológicas completas y Tomografía de Coherencia Óptica (OCT) para medir el espesor de la capa de fibras nerviosas retinianas (RNFL) y el complejo células ganglionares-plexiforme interna (GC-IPL).  Resultados:  Los pacientes con DM2 presentaron un adelgazamiento significativo en la RNFL y el GC-IPL en comparación con los controles sanos. El espesor promedio de la RNFL en pacientes con DM2 fue de 92,89 ± 7,87 &#956;m, mientras que en los controles fue de 97,28 ± 11,1 &#956;m (p &lt; 0.001). El espesor del GC-IPL en pacientes con DM2 fue de 80,03 ± 3,58 &#956;m, comparado con 81,09 ± 4,09 &#956;m en los controles (p &lt; 0.001).  Conclusión:  Existen diferencias significativas en las capas retinianas entre pacientes con DM2 sin evidencia de RD y controles sanos. Estos hallazgos subrayan la importancia del monitoreo temprano y continuo de la retina en pacientes con DM2 para prevenir la progresión de la RD.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Introduction:  Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) causes insulin resistance and can lead to complications like Diabetic Retinopathy (DR), affecting vision. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) enables early detection.  Objective:  The study aimed to compare neuroretinal alterations between patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) without evidence of Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) and a healthy control group.  Methodology:  The study included 220 eyes from 110 patients with T2DM without DR and 220 eyes from 110 healthy controls. Detailed interviews, comprehensive ophthalmologic evaluations, and Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) were used to measure the thickness of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and the ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GC-IPL).  Results:  Patients with T2DM showed significant thinning of the RNFL and GC-IPL compared to healthy controls. The average RNFL thickness in T2DM patients was 92.89 ± 7.87 µm, while in controls it was 97.28 ± 11.1 µm (p &lt; 0.001). The GC-IPL thickness in T2DM patients was 80.03 ± 3.58 µm, compared to 81.09 ± 4.09 µm in controls (p &lt; 0.001).  Conclusion:  There are significant differences in retinal layers between patients with T2DM without evidence of DR and healthy controls. These findings highlight the importance of early and continuous retinal monitoring in T2DM patients to prevent the progression of DR.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Retinopatía Diabética]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Tomografía de coherencia óptica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[capa de fibras nerviosas retinianas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[complejo células ganglionares-plexiforme interna.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Type 2 diabetes mellitus]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Diabetic retinopathy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Optical coherence tomography]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Retinal nerve fiber layer]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Ganglion cell/inner plexiform layer]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Ganglion cell layer.]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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