<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2521-2281</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Medicina clínica y social]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Med. clín. soc.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2521-2281</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Filial de Santa Rosa del Aguaray, Cátedra de Socioantropología]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2521-22812025000100205</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52379/mcs.v9.567</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Percepción de Soledad y Autoestima como Predictores de la Salud Mental en Adultos: Un Estudio en un País Sudamericano]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Perception of Loneliness and Self-Esteem as Predictors of Mental Health in Adults: A Study in a South American Country]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chango Velva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lourdes Maribel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moreta-Herrera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rodrigo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Játiva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rocío]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torales]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Julio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Internacional SEK Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Quito ]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador Escuela de Psicología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ambato ]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universitat de Girona Facultat d&#8217;Educació i Psicologia ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Girona ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Asunción Facultad de Ciencias Médicas ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[San Lorenzo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Paraguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Sudamericana Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Pedro Juan Caballero ]]></addr-line>
<country>Paraguay</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>205</fpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2521-22812025000100205&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2521-22812025000100205&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2521-22812025000100205&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción:  la presencia de problemas de salud mental en adultos en Ecuador destaca la necesidad de identificar posibles predictores de su incidencia.  Objetivo:  En este sentido, el objetivo de la investigación fue determinar el impacto de la percepción de soledad y la autoestima como posibles predictores de problemas de salud mental en una muestra de adultos ecuatorianos.  Metodologia:  se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo, correlacional, predictivo y transversal con una muestra de 1,293 adultos ecuatorianos entre 18 y 63 años. El 42,3 % eran hombres y el 57,7 % mujeres.  Resultados:  los niveles de soledad y autoestima fueron moderados, mientras que la presencia de problemas de salud mental fue baja. La soledad se correlacionó de manera positiva y moderada con la somatización, mientras que la autoestima se correlacionó de forma negativa y leve con la depresión. Además, la soledad y la autoestima resultaron ser predictores significativos de estas condiciones.  Conclusion:  la soledad y la autoestima influyen en la aparición y curso de problemas específicos de salud mental, como la somatización y la depresión, lo que subraya la importancia de considerarlos en intervenciones orientadas a la promoción de la salud mental.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Introduction:  The presence of mental health problems among adults in Ecuador underscores the need to identify potential predictors of their occurrence.  Objective:  This study aimed to examine the impact of loneliness perception and self-esteem as potential predictors of mental health problems in a sample of Ecuadorian adults.  Methodology:  A descriptive, correlational, predictive, and cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 1,293 Ecuadorian adults aged 18 to 63 years, of whom 42.3% were men and 57.7% were women.  Results:  Loneliness and self-esteem levels were found to be moderate, while the prevalence of mental health problems was low. Loneliness showed a positive moderate correlation with somatization, whereas self-esteem displayed a slight negative correlation with depression. Both loneliness and self-esteem emerged as significant predictors of these conditions.  Conclusion:  Loneliness and self-esteem influence the development and progression of specific mental health problems, such as somatization and depression, highlighting their relevance in interventions aimed at promoting mental health.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Autoestima]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[adultos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[predictores]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[salud mental]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[percepción de soledad.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Self-esteem]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[adults]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[predictors]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[mental health]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[loneliness perception.]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>World Health Organization (WHO)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[WHO highlights urgent need to transform mental health and mental health care]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Galderisi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Heinz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kastrup]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Beezhold]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sartorius]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Toward a new definition of mental health]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[World psychiatry]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>231</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Asmerican Psychological Association (APA)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Salud Mental]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hutten]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jongen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EMM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AECC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[van den Hout]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AJHC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[van Lankveld]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JJDM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Loneliness and Mental Health: The Mediating Effect of Perceived Social Support]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>18</volume>
<numero>22</numero>
<issue>22</issue>
<page-range>1482-507</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kayode]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effect of Poverty on Mental Health]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moreta-Herrera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López-Calle]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caycho-Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cabezas Guerra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gallegos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cervigni]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Is it possible to find a bifactor structure in the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S)? Psychometric evidence in an Ecuadorian sample]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Death Studies]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>46</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>2226-36</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Suárez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lucero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pallo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alvear]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ledesma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Mental Health Care Perspectives and Guarantees in Ecuador]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Cubana de Medicina General Integral]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>37</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mena-Freire]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ruíz-Olarte]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moreta-Herrera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Bienestar Subjetivo y Salud Mental en universitarios del Ecuador: análisis de relaciones latentes con SEM]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Actualidades en Psicología]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>37</volume>
<numero>135</numero>
<issue>135</issue>
<page-range>55-68</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ridley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schilbach]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Patel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Poverty, depression, and anxiety: Causal evidence and mechanisms]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Science]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>370</volume>
<numero>6522</numero>
<issue>6522</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez-Vélez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moreta-Herrera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Miedo y Ansiedad al Covid-19, estrés y percepción de salud. Modelo de predicción en pacientes hospitalarios de atención primaria del Ecuador]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Anales de Psicología]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>38</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>439-47</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zumba-Tello]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moreta-Herrera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Afectividad, Regulación Emocional, Estrés y Salud Mental en adolescentes del Ecuador en tiempos de pandemia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista de Psicología de la Salud UHM]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>117-29</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lloyd-Evans]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marston]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Johnson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Loneliness as a predictor of outcomes in mental disorders among people who have experienced a mental health crisis: a 4-month prospective study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMC Psychiatry]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>20</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>249</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Pan American Life (PAL)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Mental Health in Latin America and the Caribbean]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hermosa-Bosano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Paz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hidalgo-Andrade]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Manglano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sádaba-Chalezquer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López-Madrigal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Síntomas de depresión, ansiedad y estrés en la población general ecuatoriana durante la pandemia por COVID-19]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Ecuatoriana de Neurología]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>40-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Larzabal-Fernandez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pilco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moreta-Herrera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Psychometric properties of the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale in a sample of adolescents from Ecuador]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Child Psychiatry &amp; Human Development]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<volume>55</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>1413-22</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moreta-Herrera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zumba-Tello]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de Frutos-Lucas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Llerena-Freire]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salinas-Palma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Trucharte-Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The role of negative affects as mediators in the relationship between stress and mental health in Ecuadorian adolescents]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Health Psychology Reports]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>241-51</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>17</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arntz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Trunce]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Villarroel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[QG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Werner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muñoz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Relación de variables sociodemográficas con niveles de depresión. ansiedad y estrés en estudiantes universitarios]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Chilena de Neuro-Psiquiatría]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>60</volume>
<page-range>156-66</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>18</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moreta-Herrera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zambrano-Estrella]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez-Vélez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Naranjo-Vaca]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Salud mental en universitarios del Ecuador: síntomas relevantes, diferencias por género y prevalencia de casos]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pensamiento psicológico]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1-12</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>19</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kadotani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Okajima]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MH]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The impact of social isolation and loneliness on mental health and wellbeing]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Front Public Health]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<page-range>1106216</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<label>20</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pearce]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schlief]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lloyd-Evans]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ikhtabi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Johnson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Loneliness and the onset of new mental health problems in the general population]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>57</volume>
<numero>11</numero>
<issue>11</issue>
<page-range>2161-78</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<label>21</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martín Roncero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González-Rábago]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Soledad no deseada. salud y desigualdades sociales a lo largo del ciclo vital]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Gaceta Sanitaria]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>35</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>432-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<label>22</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kurtovi&#263;]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vukovi&#263;]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gaji&#263;]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The effect of locus of control on university students' mental health: Possible mediation through self-esteem and coping]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Journal of psychology]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>152</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>341-57</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<label>23</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moreno]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marrero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Optimismo y autoestima como predictores de bienestar personal: diferencias de género]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Mexicana de Psicología]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>32</volume>
<page-range>27-36</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<label>24</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de Jong Gierveld]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Developing and testing a model of loneliness]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Personality and Social Psychology]]></source>
<year>1987</year>
<volume>53</volume>
<page-range>119-28</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<label>25</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bucosky Yolde]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zubieta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Los patrones de amistad: Estructura. bienestar psicológico y soledad social y emocional]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Psicodebate]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>35-47.</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<label>26</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Camargo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chavarro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[El sentimiento de soledad en la población adulta mayor participante en centros de día en Bogotá, Colombia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Horizonte médico (Lima)]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>2227-3530</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<label>27</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alonso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La soledat i la salut mental. Una relació bidireccional on l&#8217;estigma, les habilitats d&#8217;autoregulació i l&#8217;estil de vida tenen un paper determinant. Ajuntament de Barcelona]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<label>28</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Teneva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lemay]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EP]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Projecting loneliness into the past and future: implications for self-esteem and affect]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Motivation and Emotion]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>44</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>772-84</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<label>29</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hutten]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jongen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hajema]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ruiter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hamers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AE]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Risk factors of loneliness across the life span]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Social and Personal Relationships]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>39</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>1482-507</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<label>30</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Blanco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Perdiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La soledad y el envejecimiento]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Clínica de Medicina de Familia]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>146-53</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<label>31</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ercole]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Parr]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Problems of Loneliness and Its Impact on Health and Well-Being. Good Health and Well-Being]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Encyclopedia of the Un Sustainable Development Goals. Springer]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<page-range>1-12</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<label>32</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Montero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La soledad como fenómeno psicológico: un análisis conceptual]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Salud mental]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>19-27</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<label>33</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martín]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Soledad no deseada. salud y desigualdades sociales a lo largo del ciclo vital]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Gaceta Sanitaria]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>35</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>332-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<label>34</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Steen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[OD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ori]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[APS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wardenaar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[van Loo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Loneliness associates strongly with anxiety and depression during the COVID pandemic, especially in men and younger adults]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Scientific Reports]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>9517</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<label>35</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sisa del Rocio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Loza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fiallos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Benítez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Amaya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evaluación de estrés, ansiedad y depresión en Ecuador durante la pandemia del COVID 19]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Ciencia al Servicio de La Salud y Nutrición]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1667</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<label>36</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rosemberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Society and the Adolescent Self-Image Princeton: Princeton University Press]]></source>
<year>1965</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<label>37</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez-Garcés]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fuentes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fuentes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GP]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Autoestima en Niños, Niñas y Adolescentes chilenos: análisis con árboles de clasificación]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Reflexiones]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>100</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1-18</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<label>38</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[van der Kaap-Deeder]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wouters]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Verschueren]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Briers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Deeren]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vansteenkiste]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Pursuit of Self-Esteem and Its Motivational Implications]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Psychologica Belgica]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>56</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>143-68</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<label>39</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Paz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hermosa-Bosano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hidalgo-Andrade]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Manglano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sábada Chalezquer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López-Madrigal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Serrano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Self-Esteem, Happiness, and Flourishing in Times of COVID-19: A Study During the Lockdown Period in Ecuador]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int J Public Health]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>67</volume>
<page-range>1604418</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<label>40</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rippon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shepherd]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wakefield]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pollet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TV]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The role of self-efficacy and self-esteem in mediating positive associations between functional social support and psychological wellbeing in people with a mental health diagnosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Mental Health]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<page-range>1-10</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<label>41</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rouault]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Will]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fleming]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dolan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Low self-esteem and the formation of global self-performance estimates in emerging adulthood]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Transl Psychiatry]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>272</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<label>42</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ruperti Lucero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Espinel Guadalupe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JV]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Naranjo Cabrera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aguilar Pita]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DV]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Conciliación de la vida familiar y bienestar laboral, Análisis de roles sociales y género en tiempos de Covid-19, Caso Ecuador]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<page-range>18-30</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<label>43</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Johansson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Association of Self-Esteem with Health and Well-Being: A Quantitative Synthesis of 40 Meta-Analyses]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Social Psychological and Personality Science]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B44">
<label>44</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Holas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kowalczyk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Krejtz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wisiecka]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jankowski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The relationship between self-esteem and self-compassion in socially anxious]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Current Psychology]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>42</volume>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
<page-range>10271-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B45">
<label>45</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ZI]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stougaard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Koyanagi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ersbøll]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nielsen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hinrichsen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Predictors of high and low mental well-being and common mental disorders: findings from a Danish population-based study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[European Journal of Public Health]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>503-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B46">
<label>46</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Macià]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cattaneo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Solana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tormos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pascual-Leone]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bartrés-Faz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Meaning in Life: A Major Predictive Factor for Loneliness Comparable to Health Status and Social Connectedness]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Frontiers in Psychology]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<page-range>627547</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B47">
<label>47</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ato]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Benavente]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Un sistema de clasificación de los diseños de investigación en psicología]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Anales de Psicología]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>1038-59</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B48">
<label>48</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Goldberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Manual del General Health Questionnaire Windsor: NFER Publishing]]></source>
<year>1978</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B49">
<label>49</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Goldberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gater]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sartorius]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ustun]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Piccinelli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gureje]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The validity of two versions of the GHQ in the WHO study of mental illness in general health care]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Psychological Medicine]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<volume>27</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>191-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B50">
<label>50</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moreta-Herrera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dominguez-Lara]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vaca-Quintana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zambrano-Estrella]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gavilanes-Gómez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ruperti-Lucero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Psychometric properties of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) in Ecuadorian college students]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Psihologijske teme]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>573-90</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B51">
<label>51</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Russell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peplau]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferguson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ML]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Developing a measure of loneliness]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of personality assessment]]></source>
<year>1978</year>
<volume>42</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>290-4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B52">
<label>52</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Matus]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Matus]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Propiedades Psicométricas de la Escala PSS10-UCLA de Estrés Percibido en Situación de Covid-19 en Panamá]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Zenodo]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B53">
<label>53</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Velarde-Mayol]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fragua-Gil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-de-Cecilia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Validación de la escala de soledad de UCLA y perfil social en la población anciana que vive sola]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[SEMERGEN - Medicina de Familia]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>42</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>177-83</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B54">
<label>54</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alfaro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Validación de la escala de autoestima de Rosenberg en estudiantes paceños]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Fides Et Rati o]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>17</numero>
<issue>17</issue>
<page-range>83-99</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B55">
<label>55</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bueno-Pacheco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lima-Castro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arias-Medina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peña-Contreras]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aguilar-Sizer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cabrera-Vélez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Estructura Factorial, Invarianza y Propiedades Psicométricas de la Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg en el Contexto Ecuatoriano]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Iberoamericana de Diagnóstico y Evaluación - e Avaliação Psicológica]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>56</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>87</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B56">
<label>56</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>R Core Team</collab>
<source><![CDATA[R: A language and Environment for Statistical Computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing: R Foundation for Statistical Computing]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
