<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2521-2281</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Medicina clínica y social]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Med. clín. soc.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2521-2281</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Filial de Santa Rosa del Aguaray, Cátedra de Socioantropología]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2521-22812024000200148</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52379/mcs.v8i2.369</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Mortality from Infections Associated with Health Care in Patients with HIV in Paraguay]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Mortalidad por Infecciones Asociadas a la atención en la Salud en Pacientes con VIH en Paraguay]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gladys]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aguilar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gloria]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ríos-González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos Miguel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Ministerio de Salud Pública y Bienestar Social  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Asunción ]]></addr-line>
<country>Paraguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Sudamericana Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Pedro Juan Caballero ]]></addr-line>
<country>Paraguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Ministerio de Salud Pública y Bienestar Social Instituto Nacional de Salud ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Asunción ]]></addr-line>
<country>Paraguay</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>148</fpage>
<lpage>152</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2521-22812024000200148&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2521-22812024000200148&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2521-22812024000200148&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Introduction:  Few studies have evaluated HAIs in an HIV population; however, studies have suggested that patients with HIV are at a higher risk of contracting HAI because they have high rates of hospitalization and longer hospital stays.  Objective:  To determine mortality due to Infections Associated with Health Care in Patients with HIV in Paraguay from January to December 2018 to 2021.  Methodology: This was an observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional study. The study population consisted of people over 18 years of age who died with a diagnosis of HIV infection and IAAS of both sexes during that period. The study variables were demographic, HIV-related, Baseline Viral Load, Stage of HIV infection at the time of diagnosis, Time from HIV diagnosis to death (in months), comorbidities at the time of death, microorganism isolation, presence, and location. of IAAS.  Results:  93 patients with IAAS were included in the study, of which 34.4% (32) were between 20 and 29 years of age and 19.3% (18). Regarding the type of population, 79.3% (73) were in the general population, 77.6% (59) were diagnosed with AIDS, and 68.6% (59) had a baseline CD4 count of less than 200 cells/mm3. The mortality rate in 2020 was 6.7%, during 2018 it was 6.5% and in 2021 it and 6.4%.  Conclusion: People with HIV, especially those who have been diagnosed in advanced stages of the disease, are more likely to develop HAIs and are related to mortality. This is due to the presence of multiple opportunistic infections and comorbidities that favor a high number of hospitalizations and longer hospital stays.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción:  Hay pocos estudios que hayan evaluado IAAS en una población con VIH, sin embargo, los estudios sugirieron que los pacientes con VIH tienen un mayor riesgo de contraer una IAAS porque tienen altas tasas de hospitalización y estancias hospitalarias más largas.  Objetivo:  determinar la mortalidad por Infecciones Asociadas a la atención en la Salud en Pacientes con VIH en Paraguay durante los meses de enero a diciembre del año 2018 a 2021.  Metodología:  Estudio observacional, descriptivo de corte transversal. La población de estudio la constituyeron las personas fallecidas con diagnóstico de infección por VIH e IAAS de ambos sexos, mayor de 18 años de edad, durante ese período. Las variables del estudio fueron demográficas, relacionadas al VIH, Carga Viral basal, Estadio de infección por VIH al momento del diagnóstico, Tiempo desde el diagnóstico de VIH hasta el óbito (meses), comorbilidades al momento del óbito, microorganismo aislado, presencia y localización de IAAS.  Resultados:  Fueron incluidos en el estudio 93 pacientes con IAAS, de los cuales el 34,4% (32) tuvo una edad entre 20 a 29 años, el 19,3% (18). En cuanto al tipo de población el 79.3% (73) fue población general, 77.6% (59) fue diagnosticado como sida, 68.6% (59) tenían un recuento basal de CD4 menor a 200 células/mm3. La tasa de mortalidad durante el 2020 fue 6,7%, durante el 2018 fue 6,5% y durante el 2021 fue de 6,4%.  Conclusión:  las personas con VIH en especial aquellas que han sido diagnosticadas en estadios avanzados de la enfermedad tienen mayor posibilidad de desarrollar IAAS y estar relacionadas a la mortalidad. Esto se debe a la presencia de múltiples infecciones oportunistas y comorbilidades que favorece el alto número de internaciones y las estancias mas prolongadas.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[HIV]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Infections associated with Health Care]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Paraguay.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[VIH]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Infecciones asociadas a la Atención en Salud]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Paraguay.]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ríos-González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Reflexiones sobre el VIH y la salud fronteriza]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev. virtual Soc. Parag. Med. Int]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>151-3</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Ministerio de Salud Publica y Bienestar Social</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Situación Epidemiologica del VIH en Paraguay]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Haque]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sartelli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McKimm]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abu Bakar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Health care-associated infections - an overview]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Infect Drug Resist]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<page-range>2321-33</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mitha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Furuya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EY]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Larson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Risk of healthcare associated infections in HIV positive patients]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Infect Prev]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>214-20</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DTS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carneiro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ICRS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Neves]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DCO]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marsola]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sousa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RCM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Healthcare-associated infections among HIV-positive and HIV/AIDS-negative patients: a casuistic from the Amazonian Region]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Pan-Amaz Saude]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>27-32</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castro-Lima]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VAC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Borges]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[IC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Joelsons]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sales]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VVT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guimaraes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[YL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Costa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moura]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MLN]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Impact of human immunodeficiency virus infection on mortality of patients who acquired healthcare associated infection in critical care unit]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Medicine (Baltimore)]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>98</volume>
<numero>23</numero>
<issue>23</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rojas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wendell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferguson PhD]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Robinson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Trepka]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Straif-Bourgeois]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[HIV-associated comorbidities as mediators of the association between people living with HIV and hospital-acquired infections]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Infect Control]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>47</volume>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
<page-range>1500-4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zalmanovich]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ben-Ami]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rahav]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moses]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Olshtain-Pops]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Weinberger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shitrit]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Katzir]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gottesman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chowers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Healthcare-associated Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia (PJP) Infection in HIV-negative Adults: a Multicenter Study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Isr Med Assoc J]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>312-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nasiri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sharifi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ghasemzadeh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Khalili]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Karamoozian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Khalooei]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Beigzadeh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Haghdoost]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sharifi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Incidence, accuracy, and barriers of diagnosing healthcare-associated infections: a case study in southeast Iran]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMC Infect Dis]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>171</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ganczak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barss]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Nosocomial HIV infection: epidemiology and prevention--a global perspective]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[AIDS Rev]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>47-61</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ertunc]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kaya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Koksal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Clinico-Epidemiological Analysis of HIV/AIDS Patients]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Eurasian J Med]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>48</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>157-61</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jiang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ning]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ye]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[HIV late presentation and advanced HIV disease among patients with newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS in Southwestern China: a large-scale cross-sectional study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[AIDS Res Ther]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Khan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sehgal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Clinico-epidemiological and Socio-behavioral Study of People Living with HIV/AIDS]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Indian J Psychol Med]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>32</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>22-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Balasundaram]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sarkar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hamide]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lakshminarayanan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Socioepidemiologic profile and treatment-seeking behaviour of HIV/AIDS patients in a tertiary-care hospital in south India]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Health Popul Nutr]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>32</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>587-94</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cui]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Secular trends in HIV/AIDS mortality in China from 1990 to 2016: Gender disparities]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[PLoS One]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>GBD 2015 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Lancet]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>388</volume>
<numero>10053</numero>
<issue>10053</issue>
<page-range>1459-544</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>17</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Deng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Si]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Temporal trends in inequalities of the burden of HIV/AIDS across 186 countries and territories]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMC Public Health]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>981</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>18</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sydnor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ER]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Perl]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Hospital epidemiology and infection control in acute-care settings]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Clin Microbiol Rev]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>141-73</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>19</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Owusu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AY]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Experiences of new diagnoses among HIV-positive persons: implications for public health]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMC Public Health]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>538</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<label>20</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tchakoute]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cohen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Larson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Risk Factors and Temporal Trends of Hospital-Acquired Infections (HAIs) Among HIV Positive Patients in Urban New York City Hospitals: 2006 to 2014]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Recent Clin Trials]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>44-50</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
