<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1812-9528</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Memorias del Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Mem. Inst. Investig. Cienc. Salud]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1812-9528</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1812-95282019000100039</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18004/mem.iics/1812-9528/2019.017(01)39-046</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Desarrollo Económico y Desigualdad como factores asociados a la prevalencia de la obesidad infantil en Chile]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Economic development and inequality as factors associated with the prevalence of childhood obesity in Chile]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barahona-Urbina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Planck]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barahona-Droguett]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Manuel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Atacama  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>39</fpage>
<lpage>46</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1812-95282019000100039&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1812-95282019000100039&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1812-95282019000100039&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar los factores asociados a la prevalencia de la obesidad en párvulos a nivel nacional en el período 2001-2009 en una muestra de 553.044 párvulos. Se llevó a cabo un modelo de regresión múltiple con introducción por pasos. Como variable endógena, se utilizó la prevalencia de la obesidad en párvulos a nivel nacional. Como variables exógenas se han utilizado distintas variables macroeconómicas: la escolaridad promedio de la población (años), el Índice de Desarrollo Humano (IDH), el índice GINI, el gasto público en salud como porcentaje del PIB y el gasto en educación como porcentaje del PIB. Los resultados mostraron que las variables asociadas a la prevalencia de la obesidad infantil son el Índice de Desarrollo Humano (IDH) y el gasto público en salud. Las conclusiones del trabajo son que a medida que aumenta el Índice de Desarrollo Humano (IDH), la prevalencia en la obesidad infantil disminuye. A medida que aumenta el gasto público en salud por parte del Estado, la prevalencia de la obesidad disminuye. De los resultados del estudio se deduce la importancia que tiene el aumento del gasto público en salud en prestaciones de servicios preventivos y curativos, y en actividades de planificación familiar.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to determine the factors associated with the prevalence of childhood obesity at national level in the period 2001-2009 in a sample of 553,044 children. A multiple regression model with step introduction was carried out. As an endogenous variable, the prevalence of obesity in preschool children at national level was used. As exogenous variables, different macroeconomic variables were used: the average schooling of the population (years), the Human Development Index (HDI), the GINI index, the public spending on health as a percentage of GDP and the spending on education as a percentage of GDP. The results showed that the variables associated with the prevalence of childhood obesity were the Human Development Index (HDI) and public health expenditure. The conclusions of this work are that as the Human Development Index (HDI) increases, the prevalence in childhood obesity decreases. As public health expenditure increases, the prevalence of obesity decreases. The results of the study show the importance of the increase in public health expenditure in preventive and curative services, and in family planning activities.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[obesidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Índice de GINI]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[índice de desarrollo humano]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[gasto en salud]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[gasto en educación.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[obesity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Gini index]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[human development index]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[health expenditure]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[education expenditure.]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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