<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2409-8752</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Científica de la UCSA]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. ciente. UCSA]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2409-8752</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad del Cono Sur de las Américas]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2409-87522026000100003</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18004/ucsa/2409-8752/2026.013.01.003</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Análisis comparativo de los algoritmos MPPT de conductancia incremental y perturbación &amp; observación en sistemas fotovoltaicos conectados a la red: Rendimiento en condiciones de irradiancia dinámica]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Comparative analysis of incremental conductance and perturbation &amp; observation MPPT algorithms in grid-connected PV systems: performance in dynamic irradiance conditions]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hiram González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Adolfo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zucchini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gianyacomo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martinez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fatima]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gregor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Raul]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pacher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Julio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Osvaldo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caballero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[David]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad del Cono Sur de las Américas Grupo de Investigación en Tecnologías Emergentes ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Asunción ]]></addr-line>
<country>Paraguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Asunción Facultad de Ingeniería Centro de Investigación en Tecnologías Hidroeléctricas y Energía Distribuida]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Luque ]]></addr-line>
<country>Paraguay</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>3</fpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2409-87522026000100003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2409-87522026000100003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2409-87522026000100003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN Este artículo presenta una comparación detallada entre los algoritmos de Conductancia Incremental (IC) y Perturbación y Observación (P&amp;O) en un sistema fotovoltaico conectado a la red de dos etapas (GCPVS), que consta de paneles solares, un convertidor elevador, un inversor de fuente de voltaje (VSI) de dos niveles y un filtro LCL. Se evalúan métricas clave de rendimiento como el Error Cuadrático Medio (RMSE), la Distorsión Armónica Total (THD), el tiempo de establecimiento, la eficiencia del Seguimiento del Punto de Máxima Potencia (MPPT) y el factor de potencia en condiciones de irradiancia variables. Se implementa un control de marco de referencia síncrono (dq0) para garantizar una inyección de energía de alta calidad. Los algoritmos IC y P&amp;O se diseñan, modelan y validan utilizando MATLAB/Simulink. Los resultados demuestran que IC mejora la estabilidad, la velocidad de respuesta y la eficiencia del sistema, a la vez que reduce la THD. Por el contrario, P&amp;O exhibe una respuesta transitoria más rápida, pero muestra mayores fluctuaciones en estado estacionario.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT This paper article a detailed comparison between Incremental Conductance (IC) and Perturbation &amp; Observation (P&amp;O) algorithms in a two-stage grid-connected photovoltaic system (GCPVS), consisting of solar panels, a boost converter, a two-level voltage source inverter (VSI), and an LCL filter. Key performance metrics such as Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Total Harmonic Distortion (THD), settling time, Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) efficiency, and power factor are evaluated under varying irradiance conditions. A (dq0) synchronous reference frame control is implemented to ensure high-quality power injection. The IC and P&amp;O algorithms are designed, modeled, and validated using MATLAB/Simulink. The results demonstrate that IC enhances system stability, response speed, and efficiency, while reducing THD. In contrast, P&amp;O exhibits a faster transient response but shows greater steady-state fluctuations.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Conductancia Incremental]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[perturbación &amp; observación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[seguimiento del punto de máxima potencia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[sistemas fotovoltaicos conectados a la red]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[convertidor elevador]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[inversor de fuente de voltaje]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[filtro LCL]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[control dq0]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[distorsión armónica total]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[calidad de energía]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Incremental Conductance]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Perturbation &amp; Observation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Maximum Power Point Tracking]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[grid-connected photovoltaic systems]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[boost converter]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[voltage source invertir]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[LCL filter]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[dq0 control]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[total harmonic distortion]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[power quality]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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