<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2312-3893</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Virtual de la Sociedad Paraguaya de Medicina Interna]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. virtual Soc. Parag. Med. Int.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2312-3893</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Paraguaya de Medicina Interna]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2312-38932025000100303</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18004/rvspmi/2312-3893/2025.e12132503</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Impacto de la ventilación mecánica en el manejo de la lesión cerebral traumática grave: revisión actualizada]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Impact of mechanical ventilation in the management of severe traumatic brain injury: An updated review]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jaco-Yupanqui]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Milagros Tatiana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Palomino-Coronado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marco Antonio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vela-Ruiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José Manuel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Ricardo Palma Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Biomédicas ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lima ]]></addr-line>
<country>Peru</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital María Auxiliadora Departamento de Medicina ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lima ]]></addr-line>
<country>Peru</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital San Juan de Lurigancho Unidad de Oncología y Prevención ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lima ]]></addr-line>
<country>Perú</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>303</fpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2312-38932025000100303&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2312-38932025000100303&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2312-38932025000100303&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción:  la lesión cerebral traumática (LCT) es una causa principal de muerte y discapacidad, especialmente en jóvenes, con un alto impacto social debido a los costos de atención y la pérdida de productividad. La ventilación mecánica (VM) es esencial en el tratamiento de pacientes con LCT grave, pero su uso prolongado en unidades de cuidados intensivos (UCI) puede llevar a complicaciones como la neumonía asociada a la ventilación mecánica (NAVM). Este artículo revisa el impacto de la VM en la LCT grave, analizando estrategias de manejo, beneficios, riesgos y opciones de tratamiento para mejorar el pronóstico de estos pacientes críticos.  Metodología:  se realizó una revisión sistemática mediante la búsqueda electrónica de estudios indexados en la página web de &#8220;PubMed&#8221;, &#8220;Scielo&#8221; y &#8220;Google Scholar".  Resultados:  de los 42 artículos encontrados en la revisión, 30 fueron prescindidos por no cumplir con los criterios de inclusión o por cumplir con algún criterio de exclusión, quedando 13 artículos para esta revisión. Conclusiones: la VM es crucial en el manejo de la LTC grave al proporcionar soporte respiratorio esencial. Sin embargo, su uso prolongado aumenta el riesgo de complicaciones como la NAVM y otras infecciones pulmonares. Es necesario un enfoque individualizado y más estudios prospectivos para optimizar el manejo, prevenir complicaciones respiratorias y mejorar los resultados clínicos.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Introduction:  Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability, especially in young people, with a high social impact due to care costs and lost productivity. Mechanical ventilation (MV) is essential in treating patients with severe TBI. Still, its prolonged use in intensive care units (ICU) can lead to complications such as ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). This article reviews the impact of MV in severe TBI, analyzing management strategies, benefits, risks, and treatment options to improve the prognosis of these critical patients.  Methodology:  A systematic review was performed by electronic search of studies indexed in &#8220;PubMed&#8221;, &#8220;Scielo&#8221;, and &#8220;Google Scholar&#8221;. Results: Of the 42 articles found in the review, 30 were excluded because they did not meet the inclusion criteria or because they met some exclusion criteria, leaving 13 articles for this review.  Conclusions:  MV is crucial in the management of severe TBI by providing essential respiratory support. However, its prolonged use increases the risk of complications such as VAPM and other pulmonary infections. An individualized approach and more prospective studies are needed to optimize management, prevent respiratory complications, and improve clinical outcomes.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[lesiones traumáticas del encéfalo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[respiración artificial]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[neumonía asociada al ventilador]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[traumatic brain injury]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[artificial respiration]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[ventilator-associated pneumonia]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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