<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2072-8174</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista del Nacional (Itauguá)]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Nac. (Itauguá)]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2072-8174</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Hospital Nacional (Itauguá)]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2072-81742016000200034</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18004/rdn2016.0008.02.034-046</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Prevalencia de uropatógenos y sensibilidad antimicrobiana en lactantes menores de 2 años provenientes de la comunidad con diagnóstico de infección de vías urinarias]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Prevalence of uropathogens and antimicrobial susceptibility in infants younger than 2 years of age from the community with a diagnosis of urinary tract infection]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Troche]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Avelina Victoria]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ortiz-Cuquejo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lidia Maria]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Samudio-Dominguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gloria Celeste]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mauro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Cinthia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lascurain]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Ministerio de Salud Pública y Bienestar Social Hospital Nacional Departamento de Nefrología]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Itauguá ]]></addr-line>
<country>Paraguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Ministerio de Salud Pública y Bienestar Social Hospital Nacional Departamento de Pediatría]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Itauguá ]]></addr-line>
<country>Paraguay</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>34</fpage>
<lpage>46</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2072-81742016000200034&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2072-81742016000200034&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2072-81742016000200034&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción:  la infección urinaria (IU) es una patología frecuente en los niños. La prevalencia de los uropatógenos varía de acuerdo a las regiones geográficas e incluso entre los diferentes centros asistenciales. El conocimiento de dicha prevalencia y de la sensibilidad a los antimicrobianos ayuda a la elección de la antibioticoterapia empírica inicial, permitiendo de esa manera, el control del cuadro agudo y evitando la resistencia bacteriana.  Objetivo  determinar la sensibilidad de los uropatógenos a los antimicrobianos obtenidos de urocultivos de niños menores de 24 meses con diagnóstico de IU provenientes de la comunidad.  Material y métodos: estudio observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo, de corte transverso. Se analizaron los expedientes clínicos y resultados de urocultivos de lactantes menores de 24 meses internados en el Departamento de Pediatría del Hospital Nacional en el período comprendido entre enero de 2012 a diciembre de 2014 , con diagnóstico de IU.  Resultados: los uropatógenos más frecuentemente obtenidos fueron: Escherichia coli (67,6%) seguido de Klebsiella pneumoniae (18,3%), Enterobacter cloacae (8,4%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2,8%) y otros en 2,9%. La sensibilidad de la E. coli a la ciprofloxacina, las cefalosporinas y aminoglucósidos fue alta. El 14,6% de Escherichia coli fue productora de betalactamasa de espectro extendido (BLEE). El 100% de las cepas de Klebsiella pneumoniae fuer sensible a amikacina, ciprofloxacina y acidonalidíxico.  Conclusiones:  el germen más frecuentemente encontrado fue E. coli, seguido de la Klebsiella pneumoniae. El tratamiento de elección recomendado es la combinación de cefalospinas de primera generación asociado a aminoglucósidos, ya que con este esquema se cubrirá más del 95% de los uropatógenos causantes de infección de vías urinarias de la comunidad. Los gérmenes productores de infección urinaria atípica, deberán ser investigados.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Introduction Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common pathology in children. The prevalence of uropathogens varies according to geographic regions and even between different care centers. Knowledge of this prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility helps to choose the initial empirical antibiotic therapy, thus allowing the control of the acute condition and avoiding bacterial resistance.  Objective to determine the sensitivity of uropathogens to antimicrobials obtained from urine cultures of children younger than 24 months with diagnosis of UTI from the community.  Material and methods:  observational, descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional study. We analyzed the clinical records and results of urine cultures of infants under 24 months admitted to the Department of Pediatrics of the National Hospital in the period between January 2012 and December 2014, diagnosed as UI.  Results:  the most frequent uropathogen was Escherichia coli (67.6%) followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (18.3%), Enterobacter cloacae (8.4%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2.8%) and others in 2, 9%. The sensitivity of E. coli to ciprofloxacin, cephalosporins and aminoglycosides was high. 14.6% of Escherichia coli was a producers of extended spectrum betalactamase (ESBL). 100% of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains was a sensitive to amikacin, ciprofloxacin and acidonaldehyde.  Conclusions:  the more frequent germ found was E. coli, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae. The recommended treatment of choice is the combination of first-generation cephalosporins associated with aminoglycosides, as this scheme will cover more than 95% of the uropathogens that cause urinary tract infection in the community. Germs producing atypical urinary infection should be investigated.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[infecciones urinarias en niños]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[uropatógenos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[sensibilidad microbiana]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[antibióticoterapia empírica.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[urinary tract infections in children]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[uropathogens]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[microbial sensitivity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[empirical antibiotic therapy]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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