<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1996-3696</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista del Instituto de Medicina Tropical]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Inst. Med. Trop.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1996-3696</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto de Medicina Tropical]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1996-36962026000100051</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18004/imt/2026.21.1.51</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Factores que influyen en el incumplimiento del esquema de vacunación en niños menores de 5 años que acuden al Instituto de Medicina Tropical]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Factors that influence non-compliance with the vaccination schedule in children under 5 years of age who attend the Institute of Tropical Medicine]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ibarrola]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Paula]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Benítez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jazmín]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guggiari]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Bianca]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Monges]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Milagros]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Saud]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Amir]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peralta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rocio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zayas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Armando]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lovera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Dolores]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez de Cuellar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Celia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Ministerio de Salud Pública y Bienestar Social Instituto de Medicina Tropical ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Asunción ]]></addr-line>
<country>Paraguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Católica de Asunción  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Asunción ]]></addr-line>
<country>Paraguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Asunción Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Cátedra de Pediatría]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[San Lorenzo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Paraguay</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>21</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>51</fpage>
<lpage>61</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1996-36962026000100051&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1996-36962026000100051&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1996-36962026000100051&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN Introducción: El incumplimiento del esquema de vacunación en menores de cinco años constituye un importante problema de salud pública, influido por determinantes socioculturales, económicos y factores del sistema sanitario, que afectan la cobertura y aumentan el riesgo de enfermedades inmunoprevenibles. Objetivo: Determinar los factores que influyen en el incumplimiento del esquema de vacunación en niños menores de cinco años que acuden al Servicio de Pediatría del Instituto de Medicina Tropical en el año 2025. Metodología: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo y de corte transversal, con componente analítico. Se evaluaron variables sociodemográficas, características maternas, motivos de consulta y factores relacionados al acceso y cumplimiento vacunal. Resultados: Se incluyeron 352 pacientes; 55,97% fueron de sexo femenino y 55,68% menores de 1 año. Entre las madres, el 50,28% tenía entre 20&#8211;29 años, 49,15% estaba en unión libre y 55,40% poseía nivel secundario; el promedio de hijos fue de 2±0,9 y el 90,91% refirió apoyo económico paterno. El principal motivo de consulta fueron los síntomas respiratorios (73,58%). El 77,27% presentó esquema vacunal completo y el 86,96% recibía información sobre vacunación. No se encontró asociación entre estado vacunal y estado civil (p=0,258), empleo (p=0,522) o práctica religiosa (p=0,659). La provisión oportuna de vacunas mostró una asociación significativa con el esquema completo (p=0,001). Conclusión: La disponibilidad oportuna de vacunas en los centros de salud fue el principal factor asociado al adecuado cumplimiento del esquema, siendo las características maternas y la información recibida factores sin influencia significativa.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT Introduction: Incomplete vaccination in children under five years represents a public health concern, influenced by social, economic, and health-system factors that reduce coverage and increase vulnerability to preventable diseases. Objective: To determine the factors influencing incomplete vaccination schedules in children under five years attending the Pediatrics Service of the Instituto de Medicina Tropical in 2025. Methods: Observational, descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional study with an analytical component. Variables included age, sex, reason for consultation, maternal characteristics, vaccination status, and determinants of non-compliance. Results: A total of 352 patients were included; 55.97% were female, with a predominance of infants younger than one year (55.68%). Most mothers were aged 20&#8211;29 years (50.28%), in a consensual union (49.15%), and had secondary education (55.40%). Respiratory symptoms were the main reason for consultation (73.58%). Vaccination was complete in 77.27% of children. Timely availability of vaccines at health centers was significantly associated with complete vaccination (p=0.001), whereas maternal characteristics and updated vaccination information showed no association (p&gt;0.05). Conclusion: Timely provision of vaccines emerged as the primary factor influencing adherence to the vaccination schedule, highlighting the essential role of service availability over sociodemographic characteristics or informational exposure.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Esquema de vacunación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[factores de riesgo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[salud infantil]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Immunization schedule]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[risk factors]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[child health]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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