<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1812-9528</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Memorias del Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Mem. Inst. Investig. Cienc. Salud]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1812-9528</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1812-95282026000100205</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18004/mem.iics/1812-9528/2026.e24122605</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Prevalencia de retinopatía diabética y su asociación con hipertensión arterial y cataratas en pacientes atendidos en Fundación Visión, Departamento Central, Paraguay, 2024]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy and its association with hypertension and cataracts in patients treated at Fundación Visión, Central Department, Paraguay, 2024]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Duerksen Crespo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Karina Gisell]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Luces León]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Diana María Aurora]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Escobar Gauto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Paz]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Acosta de Hetter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Eugenia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad del Pacífico Carrera de Medicina ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Asunción ]]></addr-line>
<country>Paraguay</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>24</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>205</fpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1812-95282026000100205&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1812-95282026000100205&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1812-95282026000100205&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN La retinopatía diabética (RD) es una de las principales causas de ceguera prevenible en adultos en edad laboral. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la prevalencia de RD y su asociación con hipertensión arterial (HTA) en pacientes con diabetes mellitus (DM). Se realizó un estudio observacional analítico de corte transversal utilizando una base de datos del año 2024 de la Fundación Visión. Se incluyeron 6.445 pacientes &#8805;18 años con diagnóstico de DM. Se analizaron las variables edad, sexo, procedencia, diagnóstico de HTA, alergias y patologías oculares (RD, cataratas, glaucoma y degeneración macular). El análisis estadístico se realizó con Stata SE, aplicando estadística descriptiva, prueba de Chi cuadrado y cálculo de OR con IC95%, considerándose significativo p&lt;0,05. La prevalencia de RD fue de 27,51%, con mayor frecuencia en mujeres (55,19%). La edad media poblacional fue de 64,56±11,69 años. La HTA estuvo presente en el 72,92% de los pacientes con RD y las cataratas en el 52,62%. Ambas condiciones mostraron asociación estadísticamente significativa con la RD (HTA: OR=1,8; IC95% 1,5&#8211;2,0; cataratas: OR=1,3; IC95% 1,1&#8211;1,4). Se concluye que la HTA y las cataratas se asociaron significativamente con la presencia de RD. Estos hallazgos resaltan la importancia del cribado oftalmológico y del control integral de los factores de riesgo en pacientes con DM.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the leading causes of preventable blindness in working-age adults. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of DR and its association with hypertension (HTN) in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). A cross-sectional, analytical, observational study was conducted using a 2024 database from Fundación Visión, Paraguay. A total of 6,445 patients aged &#8805;18 years with a diagnosis of DM were included. The variables analyzed were age, sex, origin, diagnosis of HTN, allergies, and ocular pathologies (DR, cataracts, glaucoma, and macular degeneration). Statistical analysis was performed using Stata SE, applying descriptive statistics, the chi-square test, and calculation of odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). A p-value &lt;0.05 was considered statistically significant. The general prevalence of DR was 27.51%, with a higher frequency in women (55.19%). The population's mean age was 64.56 ± 11.69 years. HTN was present in 72.92% of patients with DR, and cataracts in 52.62%. Both conditions showed a statistically significant association with DR (HTN: OR=1.8; 95% CI 1.5&#8211;2.0; cataracts: OR=1.3; 95% CI 1.1&#8211;1.4). In conclusion HTN and cataracts were significantly associated with the presence of DR. These findings highlight the importance of ophthalmological screening and comprehensive management of risk factors in patients with DM.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Retinopatía Diabética]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Hipertensión]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Cataratas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Prevalencia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Factores de Riesgo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Paraguay]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Diabetic Retinopathy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Diabetes Mellitus]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Type 2]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Hypertension]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Cataracts]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Prevalence]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Risk Factors]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Paraguay]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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