<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2617-4731</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista de la Sociedad Científica del Paraguay]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Soc. cient. Parag.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2617-4731</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Científica del Paraguay]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2617-47312026000100203</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32480/rscp.2026.e3103</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Ontología de la investigación mixta: un análisis desde los principios lógicos clásicos]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Ontology of mixed research: an analysis from classical logical principles]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castilla Barraza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jaime Gabriel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cardenas Gonzales]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José Rolando]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kwan Chung]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Chap Kau]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Algora Buenafé]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alfonso Francisco]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Riquelme Benítez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos Rafael]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lima ]]></addr-line>
<country>Peru</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Señor de Sipán  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Chiclayo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Peru</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma de Asunción  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Asunción ]]></addr-line>
<country>Paraguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad del Pacífico  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Asunción ]]></addr-line>
<country>Paraguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Americana  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Asunción ]]></addr-line>
<country>Paraguay</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>31</volume>
<fpage>203</fpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2617-47312026000100203&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2617-47312026000100203&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2617-47312026000100203&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: Este artículo examina críticamente los fundamentos ontológicos de la investigación mixta a la luz de los principios lógicos clásicos: identidad, no contradicción, tercero excluido y razón suficiente. Mediante un análisis hermenéutico de los textos fundacionales de Parménides (DK B8) y Aristóteles (Metafísica IV), se demuestra que la integración metodológica cualitativa-cuantitativa genera tensiones irresolubles dentro del marco de la lógica tradicional. El análisis revela que esta integración implica la coexistencia de categorías ontológicas mutuamente excluyentes, contraviniendo principios fundamentales del pensamiento occidental. Sin embargo, más allá de proponer un rechazo absoluto, el estudio explora marcos ontológicos alternativos que podrían legitimar dicha integración: la dialéctica hegeliana, el realismo crítico de Bhaskar, las lógicas paraconsistentes y el pensamiento sistémico complejo. Se concluye que la investigación mixta requiere un marco meta-ontológico que trascienda la lógica aristotélica, permitiendo la coexistencia productiva de paradojas controladas. Las implicaciones para la teoría y la práctica investigativa incluyen la necesidad de una reflexión ontológica explícita previa a cualquier integración metodológica.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: This article critically examines the ontological foundations of mixed methods research through the lens of classical logical principles: identity, non-contradiction, excluded middle, and sufficient reason. Through a hermeneutical analysis of foundational texts by Parmenides (DK B8) and Aristotle (Metaphysics IV), it demonstrates that qualitative-quantitative methodological integration generates irresolvable tensions within traditional logic frameworks. The analysis reveals that this integration implies the coexistence of mutually exclusive ontological categories, thus contravening fundamental principles of Western thought. However, rather than proposing absolute rejection, the study explores alternative ontological frameworks that could legitimize such integration: Hegelian dialectics, Bhaskar's critical realism, paraconsistent logics, and complex systems thinking. The study concludes that mixed methods of research require a meta-ontological framework that transcends Aristotelian logic, allowing for the productive coexistence of controlled paradoxes. Implications for research theory and practice include the need for explicit ontological reflection prior to any methodological integration.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Principio de no contradicción]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ontología]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[métodos mixtos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[epistemología]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[lógica clásica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[metafísica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[paradoja]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Principle of non-contradiction]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[ontology]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[mixed methods]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[epistemology]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[classical logic]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[metaphysics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[paradox]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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