<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2521-2281</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Medicina clínica y social]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Med. clín. soc.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2521-2281</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Filial de Santa Rosa del Aguaray, Cátedra de Socioantropología]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2521-22812023000300210</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52379/mcs.v7i3.349</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Diseño de investigaciones: algoritmo de clasificación y características esenciales]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Research design: Classification algorithm and essential features]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torales]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Julio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barrios]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Iván]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Asunción Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Cátedra de Psicología Médica]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[San Lorenzo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Paraguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Caaguazú Instituto Regional de Investigación en Salud ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Coronel Oviedo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Paraguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Sudamericana Facultad de Ciencias Médicas ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Pedro Juan Caballero ]]></addr-line>
<country>Paraguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Asunción Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Cátedra de Bioestadística]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santa Rosa del Aguaray ]]></addr-line>
<country>Paraguay</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>7</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>210</fpage>
<lpage>235</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2521-22812023000300210&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2521-22812023000300210&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2521-22812023000300210&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN Mientras que la investigación primaria implica la participación activa del propio investigador, la investigación secundaria consiste en la síntesis y el análisis de los resultados organizados y publicados por otros como investigaciones primarias. En Medicina, una investigación primaria busca llegar a una conclusión válida para mejorar la salud humana, utilizando el método científico. Por lo tanto, se requiere de una investigación bien diseñada, que se sostenga sobre la base sólida de una metodología detallada y regida por principios clínicos éticos. Esto es importante, puesto que en las Ciencias Médicas solo pueden extraerse conclusiones significativas a partir de los datos recogidos y los resultados obtenidos a través de un diseño científico adecuado. Por lo tanto, la selección de un diseño de investigación correcto es importante para responder, de manera imparcial y científica, a las preguntas que el investigador se ha planteado. En este artículo de revisión se presenta una propuesta de algoritmo de clasificación de los diseños de investigación primaria. Asimismo, se discuten los distintos tipos de diseño utilizados en investigación primaria médica, desde el paradigma cuantitativo. Se ilustran, con ejemplos, las características clave que hacen al concepto, aspectos metodológicos y ventajas y limitaciones, así como las posibilidades de uso de los distintos tipos de diseño. Conocer todo esto es crucial, puesto que la calidad, fiabilidad y posibilidad de publicar una investigación en Medicina dependen decisivamente de la selección de un diseño de investigación adecuado.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT While primary research involves the active participation of the researcher, secondary research consists of the synthesis and analysis of results organized and published by others as primary research. In medicine, primary research has sought to reach a valid conclusion to improve human health using scientific methods. Therefore, primary research requires well-designed research that is sustained on a sound basis of detailed methodology and governed by ethical clinical principles. This is important, since in the Medical Sciences, meaningful conclusions can only be drawn from the data collected and the results obtained through an appropriate scientific design. Therefore, the selection of a correct research design is important to answer the questions posed by the researcher in an unbiased and scientific manner. In this review article, an algorithm for classifying primary research designs is presented. It also discusses the different types of designs used in primary medical research based on the quantitative paradigm. The key features of the concept, methodological aspects, advantages, and limitations, as well as the possibilities of using different designs, are illustrated with examples. This knowledge is crucial since the quality, reliability, and publishability of research in medicine depend decisively on the selection of an appropriate research design.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Medicina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[investigación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[diseño de investigación, metodología de la investigación.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Medicine]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[research]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[research design]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[research methodology.]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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