<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2409-8752</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Científica de la UCSA]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. ciente. UCSA]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2409-8752</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad del Cono Sur de las Américas]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2409-87522024000300003</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18004/ucsa/2409-8752/2024.011.03.003</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Elaboración de filamentos para impresión 3D a partir del reciclaje de botellas plásticas]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Production of Filaments for 3D Printing from Recycled Plastic Bottles]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moreno-Schribertschnik]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Francisco]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martinez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fátima]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad del Cono Sur de las Américas Departamento de Ingeniería ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Asunción ]]></addr-line>
<country>Paraguay</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>3</fpage>
<lpage>23</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2409-87522024000300003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2409-87522024000300003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2409-87522024000300003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN El propósito de este trabajo fue presentar una Fileteadora-Extrusora capaz de utilizar botellas de plástico PET (Tereftalato de polietileno) como materia prima para convertirlo en filamento para impresión 3D. Este proyecto implicó el ensamblaje del dispositivo, un estudio previo para determinar las condiciones generales de las botellas recolectadas para comprobar si son aptas para ser utilizadas en una impresora 3D luego de ser reciclada por nuestra máquina, determinar la situación actual de la cobertura del reciclaje del plástico y las condiciones generales de las botellas recolectadas. El prototipo fue construido de diversos componentes reciclados conformados por las siguientes partes físicas: Un bloque calentador o hotend, un motor de limpia parabrisas, una pantalla LCD 20x4, sensores y microcontrolador. Este dispositivo emplea un Arduino programado de tal manera a que el sistema tenga la capacidad de controlar la temperatura mediante la cual se calienta el filamento por medio de un control PID. El producto obtenido de PET con la máquina montada ha sido sometido a ensayo de tracción siguiendo la norma ASTM para verificación de la resistencia del material.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT The purpose of this project was to present a Filament Extruder capable of using PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate) plastic bottles as raw material to convert them into filament for 3D printing. This project involved assembling the device, conducting a preliminary study to determine the general conditions of the collected bottles to verify if they were suitable for use in a 3D printer after being recycled by our machine, and evaluating the current state of plastic recycling coverage and the conditions of the collected bottles. The prototype was constructed from various recycled components, consisting of the following physical parts: a hotend, a windscreen wiper motor, a 20x4 LCD screen, sensors, and a microcontroller. The device uses a programmed Arduino, enabling the system to control the temperature at which the filament is heated via PID control. The PET product obtained from the machine has undergone a tensile test according to ASTM standards to verify the material's strength.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[PET]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Impresión 3D con materiales reciclados]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Filamento para impresión 3D]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Extrusión de plásticos reciclados]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Sostenibilidad en la fabricación aditiva]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[PET]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[3D printing with recycled materials]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[3D printing filament]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Extrusion of recycled plastics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Sustainability in additive manufacturing]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alvarez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La Nueva Linea de Tratamiento Térmico TEMPCORE en la Producción de Barras de Refuerzo de Hormigón]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Al-Dabbagh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Al-Hadithi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Temperature Control Using an Adaptive PID Controller Based on a Genetic Algorithm for a Water Bath System]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Electrical Engineering &amp; Technology]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>1341-50</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Benyathiar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kumar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carpenter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brace]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mishra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottle-to-bottle recycling for the beverage industry: A review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Polymers]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
<page-range>2366</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Escobar Quimbayo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Motta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[El reciclaje de botellas PET representa una solución viable para la producción de filamentos sostenibles en la impresión 3D. Diseño ecológico 3D (ECO 3D): Desarrollo de filamento para impresión 3D a partir de botellas de plástico PET recicladas]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[CUN Huila]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Exconde]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. K. J. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Co]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. A. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Manapat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. Z.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Magdaluyo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Materials selection of 3D printing filament and utilization of recycled polyethylene terephthalate (PET) in a redesigned breadboard]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>84</volume>
<page-range>28-32</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[CIRP]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gebhardt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hötter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Additive manufacturing: 3D printing for prototyping and manufacturing]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<edition>2nd</edition>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Hanser Publishers]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hopewell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dvorak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kosior]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Plastics recycling: challenges and opportunities]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>364</volume>
<numero>1526</numero>
<issue>1526</issue>
<page-range>2115-212</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Karak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bhagat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bhattacharyya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Municipal solid waste generation, composition, and management: The world scenario]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>42</volume>
<numero>15</numero>
<issue>15</issue>
<page-range>1509-630</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Little]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tanikella]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reich]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fiedler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Snabes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pearce]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Towards distributed recycling with additive manufacturing of PET flake feedstocks]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Materials]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>19</numero>
<issue>19</issue>
<page-range>4273</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>MADES</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Día Mundial sin Bolsas de Plástico: Un llamado a la conciencia para reducir su uso]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ministerio del Ambiente y Desarrollo Sostenible]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maitlo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ali]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maitlo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ali]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Unar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I. N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ahmad]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Afridi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Plastic waste recycling, applications, and future prospects for a sustainable environment]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Sustainability]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>18</numero>
<issue>18</issue>
<page-range>11637</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mikula]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[3D printing filament as a second life of waste plastics-a review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Environmental Science and Pollution Research]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>28</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
<page-range>12321-33</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mishra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Negi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[FDM-based additive manufacturing of recycled thermoplastics and associated composites]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>25</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>758-84</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moreno Schribertschnik]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Elaboración de filamentos para impresión 3D a partir del reciclaje de botellas plásticas]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad del Cono Sur de las Américas]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nikam]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pawar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Patil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Patil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mokal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jadhav]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Sustainable fabrication of 3D printing filament from recycled PET plastic]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nikiema]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Asiedu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A review of the cost and effectiveness of solutions to address plastic pollution]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Environmental Science and Pollution Research]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>17</numero>
<issue>17</issue>
<page-range>24547-73</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pinho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Amaro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Piedade]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[3D printing goes greener: Study of the properties of post-consumer recycled polymers for the manufacturing of engineering components]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Waste Management]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>118</volume>
<page-range>426-34</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pilla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Engineering applications of bio-based polymers and composites]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[John Wiley &amp; Sons]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stebbins]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Exploratory research in the social sciences]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sage]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Slezák]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bocz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ronkay]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Progress in 3D printing of recycled PET]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Materials Today Sustainability]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<volume>26</volume>
<page-range>100757</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tylman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dzier&#380;ek]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Filament for a 3D printer from PET bottles: Simple machine]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics Research]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
<page-range>1386-92</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vargas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Diseño de sistema embebido para máquina de reciclaje de PET]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Elektron]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>34-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Woern]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Byard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oakley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fiedler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Snabes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pearce]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Fused particle fabrication 3-D printing: Recycled materials' optimization and mechanical properties]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Materials]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>1413</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
