<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2312-3893</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Virtual de la Sociedad Paraguaya de Medicina Interna]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. virtual Soc. Parag. Med. Int.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2312-3893</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Paraguaya de Medicina Interna]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2312-38932026000100206</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18004/rvspmi/2312-3893/2026.e13122606</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Dependencia funcional en pacientes mayores de 50 años en hemodiálisis en un servicio de nefrología]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Functional dependence in patients over 50 years of age undergoing hemodialysis in a nephrology department]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Altemburger Leguizamón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jorge Alejandro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yu Huang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Pei]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torales Arandi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Emilia Griselda]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tironi Soljancic]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gabriela Tamara]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cabrera López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Guillermo Rodrigo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Landolfi Torres]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Anita Vidalia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Central de Policía Rigoberto Caballero  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Asunción ]]></addr-line>
<country>Paraguay</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>206</fpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2312-38932026000100206&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2312-38932026000100206&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2312-38932026000100206&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción:  la dependencia funcional en un adulto mayor se define como la necesidad de ayuda para realizar actividades básicas de la vida diaria. Para cuantificar la dependencia funcional existen varias escalas, como el Índice de Barthel. Este constructo cobra especial importancia en adultos con necesidad de tratamiento sustitutivo renal en donde la calidad de vida puede verse afectada profundamente.  Objetivo: determinar la prevalencia de dependencia funcional en pacientes mayores de 50 años en hemodiálisis en un servicio de nefrología del Paraguay durante el periodo enero y mayo de 2025.  Metodología:  se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal, retrospectivo, con muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia. La población accesible corresponde a pacientes de sexo masculino y femenino, mayores de 50 años, en tratamiento hemodialítico. Se midieron variables demográficas y clínicas. La dependencia funcional fue valorada mediante el índice de Barthel.  Resultados:  se evaluaron 30 pacientes. La mayoría eran hombres (73,33%), con una media de edad de 63 ± 10 años. El tiempo promedio en hemodiálisis fue de 24 ± 26 meses. El puntaje medio del índice de Barthel fue de 81,83 puntos, con 60% de los pacientes clasificados como independientes, 23,33% con dependencia moderada y 16,66% con dependencia funcional para actividades de la vida diaria.  Conclusión:  el estudio evidenció que la prevalencia de dependencia funcional para las actividades básicas de la vida diaria en pacientes en hemodiálisis fue del 16,66%.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Introduction:  Functional dependence in older adults is defined as the need for assistance in performing basic activities of daily living. Several scales exist to quantify functional dependence, such as the Barthel Index. This construct is particularly important in adults requiring renal replacement therapy, where quality of life can be profoundly affected.  Objective:  To determine the prevalence of functional dependence in patients over 50 years of age undergoing hemodialysis in a nephrology service in Paraguay during the period January to May 2025.  Methodology:  An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective study was conducted with non-probabilistic convenience sampling. The accessible population consisted of male and female patients over 50 years of age undergoing hemodialysis treatment. Demographic and clinical variables were measured. Functional dependence was assessed using the Barthel Index.  Results:  Thirty patients were evaluated. The majority were men (73.33%), with a mean age of 63 ± 10 years. The average time on hemodialysis was 24 ± 26 months. The mean Barthel Index score was 81.83 points, with 60% of patients classified as independent, 23.33% with moderate dependence, and 16.66% with functional dependence for activities of daily living.  Conclusion:  The study showed that the prevalence of functional dependence for basic activities of daily living in hemodialysis patients was 16.66%.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[insuficiencia renal crónica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[actividades cotidianas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[autonomía personal.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[chronic renal failure]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[daily activities]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[personal autonomy.]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez-Cabezas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morillo-Gallego]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Merino-Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Crespo-Montero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Calidad de vida de los pacientes en diálisis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Enferm Nefrol]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>239-55</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alemán-Vega]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gómez Cabañas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reques Sastre]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rosado Martín]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Polentinos-Castro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez Barrientos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prevalencia y riesgo de progresión de enfermedad renal crónica en pacientes diabéticos e hipertensos seguidos en atención primaria en la comunidad de Madrid]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nefrología]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>37</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>229-356</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Organización Panamericana de la Salud</collab>
<collab>Organización Mundial de la Salud</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Carga de enfermedades renales]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Washington, D.C ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[OPS]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Duran-Badillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Domínguez-Chávez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández-Cortés]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Félix-Alemán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cruz-Quevedo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alonso-Castillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Dejar de ser o hacer]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Acta Univ]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>28</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>40-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baracaldo Campo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Naranjo García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Medina Vargas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Nivel de dependencia funcional de personas mayores institucionalizadas en centros de bienestar de Floridablanca (Santander, Colombia)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Gerokomos]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>163-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sagbay Coronel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ortega Campoverde]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Propiedades psicométricas del índice de Barthel]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[ConcienciaDigital]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>105-19</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González-Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gandoy-Crego]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Díaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Determinación de la situación de dependencia funcional]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Gerokomos]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>28</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>184-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Ministerio de Inclusión Económica y Social</collab>
<collab>Subsecretaría de atención Intergeneracional Dirección de la Población Adulta Mayor</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Índice de Barthel (IB)]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Quito ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ministerio de Inclusión Económica y Social]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bernabeu-Wittel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Díez-Manglano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nieto-Martín]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramírez-Duque]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ollero-Baturone]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Simplificación de la escala de Barthel para el cribado de fragilidad y dependencia severa en pacientes pluripatológicos]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Clin Esp]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>219</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>433-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wadhwa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Balbale]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SN]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Palleti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Samra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lopez-Soler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RI]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stroupe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prevalence and feasibility of assessing the frailty phenotype among hemodialysis patients in a dialysis unit]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMC Nephrol]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>371</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Andreu Periz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Puig Llobet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cases Amenós]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Grado de dependencia de las personas sometidas a hemodiálisis en Cataluña y evolución de su mortalidad]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nefrología]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>32</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>555-701</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arenas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Álvarez-Ude]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Angoso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Berdud]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Antolín]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lacueva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Valoración del grado de dependencia funcional de los pacientes en hemodiálisis (HD)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nefrología]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>600-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez-Tocino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ML]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Miranda-Serrano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Villoria-González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pereira-García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López-González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González-Parra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Clasificación funcional del paciente anciano en hemodiálisis y su influencia en la individualización del tratamiento]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Enferm Nefrol]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>25</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>29-38</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González Pascual]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vázquez Rivera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Remigio Lorenzo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernández Gallardo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Manso Feijóo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Novoa Domínguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Constela Gómez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Valoración del grado de dependencia funcional de los pacientes en hemodiálisis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Enferm Nefrol]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<numero>^s1</numero>
<issue>^s1</issue>
<supplement>1</supplement>
<page-range>81</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guerrero-Carreño]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Elías-Sanz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gómez-Umbert]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Quintela-Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gabarró-Taulé]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arias-Guillén]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Valoración de la fragilidad en un centro de diálisis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Enferm Nefrol]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>24-32</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Serra Alves de Oliveira Oller]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mendoca Ribeiro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RCH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Antero Travagim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Batista]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marques]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kusumota]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Independencia funcional en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica en tratamiento de hemodiálisis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Latino-Am Enfermagem]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>20</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>17</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moreno Arguello]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morales]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rojas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Calidad de vida de los pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica en tratamiento hemodialítico en el Hospital Nacional en el Departamento de Nefrología periodo 2022-2023]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Nac (Itauguá).]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>84-93</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>18</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Real-Delor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roy-Torales]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ambrasath-Mendoza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Báez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GN]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Díaz-Ocampo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Domínguez-Castell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PB]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Calidad de vida y sarcopenia en pacientes adultos con insuficiencia renal crónica]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev. Nac. (Itauguá)]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>30-45</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>19</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Real Delor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roy-Torales]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Acosta-Benítez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MMB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aguilar-Bernal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[OL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Báez-Benítez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Espínola-Cáceres]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AN]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Alteraciones del estado ácido básico en pacientes adultos con insuficiencia renal crónica]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev. Nac. (Itauguá)]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>5-17</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<label>20</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Real-Delor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cantero-Riveros]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferreira-Lagraña]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gamarra-Alfonzo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roy-Torales]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Acosta-Soilán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ML]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Sarcopenia en pacientes adultos con insuficiencia renal crónica del Hospital Nacional y Hospital Militar en 2021]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev. parag. reumatol]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>3-10</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<label>21</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Olmedo Mercado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Giménez Vázquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rondelli Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ibáñez Franco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Duarte Arévalos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Figueredo Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fretes Ovelar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AMC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Calidad de hemodiálisis en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica en el Hospital Nacional de Itauguá]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev. virtual Soc. Parag. Med. Int]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1-22</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
