<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2312-3893</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Virtual de la Sociedad Paraguaya de Medicina Interna]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. virtual Soc. Parag. Med. Int.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2312-3893</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Paraguaya de Medicina Interna]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2312-38932021000100061</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18004/rvspmi/2312-3893/2021.08.01.61</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Impacto sobre la salud mental durante la pandemia COVID 19 en Paraguay]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Impact on mental health during the COVID 19 pandemic in Paraguay]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferreira Gould]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Soledad]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coronel Diaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Geovana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rivarola Vargas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Alesia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto de Previsión Social Hospital Central ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Asunción ]]></addr-line>
<country>Paraguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Consultorio médico privado Cardimed  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[San Ignacio Misiones]]></addr-line>
<country>Paraguay</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>61</fpage>
<lpage>68</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2312-38932021000100061&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2312-38932021000100061&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2312-38932021000100061&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción:  la reciente aparición y rápida propagación en Wuhan (China) del nuevo coronavirus Covid-19 obligó a la cuarentena de millones de habitantes en el mundo entero generando un enorme impacto psicosocial.  Objetivo:  describir la frecuencia de depresión, ansiedad e insomnio durante la cuarentena en la población paraguaya.  Metodología:  se realizó un estudio trasversal descriptivo de corte prospectivo. Se aplicó una encuesta en forma virtual que llegó a las personas a través de las redes sociales. Para el diagnóstico de depresión y ansiedad se aplicó el cuestionario de Patient Health Questionaire-4 y para el insomnio el cuestionario Insomnia Severity Index.  Resultados: se incluyeron 511 personas, 63% fue del sexo femenino, con 51,9% del rango etario 30- 50 años. El 49,3% de las personas fueron solteras y 79,8% vive en zona urbana. El 93,3% de los encuestados culminó la educacion terciaria. Con el cuestionario Patient Health Questionaire-4, 44,9% era normal, 21,3% presentó ansiedad y depresión moderada, mientras que 15,9% tenía síntomas de ansiedad y depresión severa. Con el Insomnia Severity Index, 37,5% presentó insomnio clinicamente insignificante, 31,1% insomnio leve, 24,6% insomnio moderado y 6,6% insomnio severo.  Conclusión:  21,3% presentó ansiedad y depresión moderada, mientras que 15,9% tenía síntomas de ansiedad y depresión severa. Además, 62,5% presentaba algún grado de insomnio.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Introduction: The recent appearance and rapid spread in Wuhan (China) of the new Covid-19 coronavirus forced the quarantine of millions of inhabitants around the world, generating a huge psychosocial impact.  Objective: To describe the frequency of depression, anxiety and insomnia during quarantine in the Paraguayan population.  Methodology: A prospective descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out. A questionnaire was applied virtually reaching people through social networks. For the diagnosis of depression and anxiety, the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 was applied, and the Insomnia Severity Index questionnaire for insomnia.  Results: Five hundred eleven people were included, 63% of them were female, 51.9% were in the age range 30-50 years, 49.3% of the people were single and 79.8% lived in urban areas and 93.3% of those surveyed completed tertiary education. With the Patient Health Questionnaire-4, 44.9% were normal, 21.3% had moderate anxiety and depression, while 15.9% had symptoms of anxiety and severe depression. With the Insomnia Severity Index, 37.5% had clinically insignificant insomnia, 31.1% mild insomnia, 24.6% moderate insomnia, and 6.6% severe insomnia.  Conclusion: Twenty-one and three percent presented moderate anxiety and depression, while 15.9% had symptoms of anxiety and severe depression. Furthermore, 62.5% had some degree of insomnia.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[coronavirus]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[salud mental]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ansiedad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[depresión]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[trastornos del inicio y del mantenimiento del sueño]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[coronavirus]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[mental health]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[anxiety]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[depression]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[sleep initiation and maintenance disorders]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ciotti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Angeletti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Minieri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Giovannetti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Benvenuto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pascarella]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[COVID-19 outbreak]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Chemotherapy]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>64</volume>
<numero>5-6</numero>
<issue>5-6</issue>
<page-range>215-23</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ríos-González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Implicancias del COVID-19, una nueva enfermedad producida por Coronavirus]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Med clín soc]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>71-2</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ni]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[He]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Clinical Characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[N Engl J Med]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>382</volume>
<numero>18</numero>
<issue>18</issue>
<page-range>1708-20</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sousa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Soares]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lopes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rocha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JV]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The demand for hospital emergency services]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Port J Public Health.]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>38</volume>
<page-range>30-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Joos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Psychosomatic medicine and Covid-19 pandemic]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Psychother Psychosom]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>89</volume>
<page-range>263-4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Holmes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[O&#8217;Connor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Perry]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tracey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wessely]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arseneault]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Multidisciplinary research priorities for the COVID-19 pandemic]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Lancet Psychiatry]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>547-60</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brooks]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Webster]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Smith]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Woodland]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wessely]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Greenberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[James Rubin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Lancet]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>395</volume>
<numero>10227</numero>
<issue>10227</issue>
<page-range>912-20</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HH]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Efecto de la cuarentena en la dispersión del COVID-19 en Paraguay mediante la simulación del modelo SEIR]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[San Lorenzo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional de Asunción, Facultad Politécnica]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wei]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Duan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Geng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A Study of basic needsand psychological wellbeing of medical workers in the Fever Clinic of a Tertiary General Hospital in Beijing during the COVID-19 outbreak]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Psychother Psychosom]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>89</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>252-4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ebáñez-Vizoso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alberdi-Páramo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Í]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Díaz-Marsá]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Perspectivas internacionales en salud mental ante la pandemia por el nuevo coronavirus SARS-CoV-2]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Psiquiatr Salud Ment]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Barc ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Soria]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Uribe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salvat-Pujol]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Palao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Menchón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Labad]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Psiconeuroinmunología de los trastornos mentales]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Psiquiatr Salud Ment]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>115-24</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Galindo Campos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La depresión afecta el Sistema Inmunológico]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universia]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Xue]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Q]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Mental health and psychosocial problems of medical health workers during the COVID-19 epidemic in China]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Psychother Psychosom]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>89</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>242-50</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Locke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kirst]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shultz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CG]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Diagnosis and management of generalized anxiety disorder and panic disorder in adults]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am Fam Physician]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>91</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>617-24</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salisbury-Afshar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Management of insomnia disorder in adults]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am Fam Physician]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>98</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>319-22</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Van]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McLaws]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ML]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Crimmins]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MacIntyre]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Seale]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[University life and pandemic influenza]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMC Public Health]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>130</numero>
<issue>130</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
