<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2312-3893</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Virtual de la Sociedad Paraguaya de Medicina Interna]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. virtual Soc. Parag. Med. Int.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2312-3893</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Paraguaya de Medicina Interna]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2312-38932018000100059</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18004/rvspmi/2312-3893/2018.05(01)59-070</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[El tratamiento de la cistitis aguda no complicada de la mujer en la comunidad ¿es un problema resuelto en el país?]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The treatment of uncomplicated acute cystitis of women in the community is a problem solved in the country?]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Melgarejo Martinez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Laura Elizabeth]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Avalos Bogado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Hugo Fernando]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ovando]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fátima]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lird]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Graciela]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Walder Encina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alejandra Leticia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santa Cruz Segovia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Francisco Vicente]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Asunción Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Primera Cátedra de Clínica Médica]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[San Lorenzo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Paraguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Asunción Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Laboratorio de Microbiología, Hospital de Clínicas]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[San Lorenzo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Paraguay</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>5</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>59</fpage>
<lpage>70</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2312-38932018000100059&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2312-38932018000100059&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2312-38932018000100059&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción:  la práctica de la Medicina enfrenta frecuentemente al manejo de pacientes del sexo femenino con infección de vías urinarias no complicada, en las que se necesita iniciar un tratamiento empírico para Escherichia coli, basado en la identificación de los llamados antibióticos de primera línea para dicho germen y en el conocimiento de la resistencia local a los mismos.  Objetivos:  analizar los textos de Medicina Interna, Nefrología, Microbiología, guías internacionales y otras publicaciones recientes para identificar los antibióticos como los de primera línea para el tratamiento de la cistitis aguda no complicada en la mujer: nitrofurantoína, fosfomicina, cotrimoxazol (trimetoprim-sulfametoxazol) y pivmecillinam.  Resultados:  de los antibióticos mencionados sólo están disponibles en el país la nitrofurantoína y el cotrimoxazol. En un estudio que hemos publicado recientemente se encontró que la resistencia de Escherichia coli a la nitrofurantoína fue 4% y al cotrimoxazol fue del 35%.  Conclusión:  de los antibióticos considerados de primera línea para el tratamiento empírico de la cistitis aguda no complicada en la mujer, solo tenemos disponible en el país la nitrofurantoína y el cotrimoxazol, siendo baja (4%) la resistencia local de Escherichia coli a la nitrofurantoina y elevada (35%) al cotrimoxazol.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Introduction: The practice of medicine frequently faces the management of female patients with uncomplicated urinary tract infection, in which an empirical treatment for Escherichia coli is needed, based on the identification of the so-called first-line antibiotics for this germ and in the knowledge of local resistance to them.  Objectives:  To analyze the texts of Internal Medicine, Nephrology, Microbiology, international guidelines and other recent publications to identify the following antibiotics as those of first line for the treatment of uncomplicated acute cystitis in women: nitrofurantoin, fosfomycin, cotrimoxazole (trimethoprim -sulfamethoxazole) and pivmecillinam.  Results:  Of the above mentioned antibiotics, only nitrofurantoin and cotrimoxazole are available in Paraguay. In a study we recently published it was found that the resistance of E. coli to nitrofurantoin was 4% and to cotrimoxazole 35%.  Conclusion:  Of the antibiotics considered as of first line for the empirical treatment of uncomplicated acute cystitis in women, only nitrofurantoin and cotrimoxazole are available in the country, being low (4%) the local resistance of E. coli to nitrofurantoin and high (35%) to cotrimoxazole.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[cistitis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Escherichia coli]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[nitrofurantoína]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[combinación trimetoprim y sulfametoxazol]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[farmacorresistencia microbiana]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[infecciones urinarias]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[cystitis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Escherichia coli]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[nitrofurantoin]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole combination]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[microbial pharmacoresistance]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[urinary infections]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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