<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2307-3349</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista de salud publica del Paraguay]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. salud publica Parag.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2307-3349</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE SALUD - MSP Y BS]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2307-33492025000300067</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18004/rspp.2025.dic.10</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Prevalencia y conceptos epidemiológicos y fisiopatológicos en el síndrome metabólico]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Prevalence, epidemiological and physiopathological concepts in the metabolic syndrome]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Balbuena Estigarribia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Clarisse María Luz]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Báez Tórres]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Diego]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ruiz Díaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Eugenia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Falcón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rocío del Pilar]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chávez Alfonzo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Christian Osmar]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García Bello]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Laura B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sequeira Villar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Orlando Robert]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alfredo J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Centurión]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Osmar Antonio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Asunción Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Hospital de Clínicas]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[San Lorenzo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Paraguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Asunción Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Hospital de Clínicas]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[San Lorenzo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Paraguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Asunción Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Hospital de Clínicas]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[San Lorenzo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Paraguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Sanatorio Metropolitano Departamento de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Fernando de la Mora ]]></addr-line>
<country>Paraguay</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>15</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>67</fpage>
<lpage>79</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2307-33492025000300067&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2307-33492025000300067&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2307-33492025000300067&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción:  El aumento de la prevalencia de la obesidad se ha convertido en un importante problema de salud mundial en adultos y adolescentes, y tanto la adiposidad total como la acumulación de grasa subcutánea troncal durante la adolescencia se asocian de manera positiva e independiente con el desarrollo de aterosclerosis en la edad adulta. En este marco, el objetivo de este estudio fue describir la prevalencia y las características etiológicas, epidemiológicas y fisiopatológicas del síndrome metabólico mediante una revisión narrativa de la literatura.  Metodología:  Revisión narrativa de la literatura, de alcance descriptivo, basada en una búsqueda bibliográfica en diferentes bases de datos electrónicas y/o portales de información científica durante el periodo de agosto 2023 a diciembre 2024.  Resultados:  Se seleccionaron 71 artículos científicos, que fueron sometidos a lectura crítica para extraer la información pertinente para cada apartado de acuerdo a los objetivos del estudio. La prevalencia promedio del síndrome metabólico es del 31% y se asoció con un aumento de aproximadamente el doble en el riesgo de enfermedad coronaria y cerebrovascular, así como con un incremento de 1,5 veces en el riesgo de mortalidad por todas las causas. Actualmente, coexisten múltiples definiciones de síndrome metabólico, lo que genera confusión respecto a si identifican a los mismos individuos o representan un sustituto de distintos factores de riesgo.  Conclusión:  Tanto la prevención y el manejo diagnóstico y terapéutico deberían centrarse en los factores de riesgo establecidos antes que en el diagnóstico del SM. Estudios poblacionales realizados en diferentes países demostraron que la obesidad y el SM seguirán siendo un riesgo grave para la salud en el futuro. Por lo tanto, se deben implementar estrategias rentables dirigidas a reducir la prevalencia de la obesidad durante los primeros años de vida que puedan reducir significativamente los costos sanitarios y no sanitarios a lo largo de la vida.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Introduction:  The increasing prevalence of obesity has become a major global health problem in both adults and adolescents, and both total adiposity and trunk subcutaneous fat accumulation during adolescence are positively and independently associated with the development of atherosclerosis in adulthood. In this context, the objective of this study was to describe the prevalence and the etiological, epidemiological, and pathophysiological characteristics of metabolic syndrome through a narrative review of the literature.  Methodology:  A narrative literature review with a descriptive scope was conducted, based on a bibliographic search in various electronic databases and scientific information portals from August 2023 to December 2024.  Results:  71 scientific articles were selected and subjected to critical appraisal to extract the information pertinent to each section, in accordance with the study objectives. The average prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 31%, and it was associated with approximately a two-fold increase in the risk of coronary and cerebrovascular disease, as well as with a 1.5-fold increase in the risk of all-cause mortality. Currently, multiple definitions of metabolic syndrome coexist, which generates confusion as to whether they identify the same individuals or act as a surrogate for different risk factors.  Conclusion:  Both prevention and diagnostic and therapeutic management should focus on established risk factors rather than on the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome (MS) itself. Population-based studies conducted in different countries have shown that obesity and MS will continue to represent a serious health threat in the future. Therefore, cost-effective strategies aimed at reducing the prevalence of obesity from early life should be implemented, as they may significantly decrease health-related and non-health-related costs over the life course.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[síndrome metabólico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[obesidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[dislipidemia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[resistencia a la insulina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[hipertensión arterial]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[metabolic syndrome]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[obesity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[dyslipidemia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[insulin resistance]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[high blood pressure]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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