<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2304-7887</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista de la Secretaría del Tribunal Permanente de Revisión]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. secr. Trib. perm. revis.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2304-7887</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Secretaría del Tribunal Permanente de Revisión]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2304-78872026002300202</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.16890/rstpr.a14.n23.e568</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[La paradoja de seguridad y libertad en la era digital: un análisis crítico desde perspectivas biopolíticas y filosóficas]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[O paradoxo da segurança e da liberdade na era digital: uma análise crítica a partir de perspetivas biopolíticas e filosóficas]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The Paradox of Security and Freedom in the Digital Age: A Critical Analysis from Biopolitical and Philosophical Perspectives]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="fr"><![CDATA[Le paradoxe de la sécurité et de la liberté à l&amp;apos;ère numérique : une analyse critique sous l&amp;apos;angle biopolitique et philosophique]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramos-Zaga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fernando]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad César Vallejo  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lima ]]></addr-line>
<country>Peru</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>23</numero>
<fpage>202</fpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2304-78872026002300202&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2304-78872026002300202&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2304-78872026002300202&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: La tensión entre seguridad y libertad constituye uno de los dilemas fundamentales de las sociedades contemporáneas, intensificado exponencialmente por el advenimiento de tecnologías digitales de vigilancia masiva. Este trabajo examina críticamente esta paradoja desde marcos teóricos biopolíticos y filosóficos, argumentando que las arquitecturas digitales contemporáneas no simplemente equilibran seguridad y libertad, sino que reconfiguran radicalmente las modalidades mismas del poder gubernamental y la subjetividad individual. A través de un análisis que integra los conceptos foucaultianos de biopolítica y gubernamentalidad con perspectivas contemporáneas sobre vigilancia digital, se sostiene que el paradigma securitario actual opera mediante mecanismos de control preventivo que trascienden las formas disciplinarias tradicionales. La investigación explora cómo algoritmos predictivos, sistemas de reconocimiento facial y plataformas de datificación masiva construyen regímenes de visibilidad donde la libertad es simultáneamente proclamada y erosionada. Se argumenta que esta paradoja no representa una contradicción accidental sino una característica estructural del capitalismo de vigilancia, donde la extracción de datos biométricos y comportamentales constituye tanto el medio de control como el fundamento económico de plataformas digitales. Las conclusiones sugieren que resolver esta tensión requiere repensar fundamentalmente las categorías políticas heredadas de la modernidad temprana, desarrollando marcos normativos capaces de proteger la autonomía individual sin sucumbir a ilusiones de transparencia total o seguridad absoluta.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo: A tensão entre segurança e liberdade constitui um dos dilemas fundamentais das sociedades contemporâneas, intensificado exponencialmente pelo advento das tecnologias digitais de vigilância em massa. Este trabalho examina criticamente esse paradoxo a partir de marcos teóricos biopolíticos e filosóficos, argumentando que as arquiteturas digitais contemporâneas não apenas equilibram segurança e liberdade, mas reconfiguram radicalmente as próprias modalidades do poder governamental e da subjetividade individual. Através de uma análise que integra os conceitos foucaultianos de biopolítica e governamentalidade com perspetivas contemporâneas sobre vigilância digital, sustenta-se que o paradigma securitário atual opera por meio de mecanismos de control preventivo que transcendem as formas disciplinares tradicionais. A pesquisa explora como algoritmos preditivos, sistemas de reconhecimento facial e plataformas de datificação em massa constroem regimes de visibilidade onde a liberdade é simultaneamente proclamada e corroída. Argumenta-se que este paradoxo não representa uma contradição acidental, mas sim uma característica estrutural do capitalismo de vigilância, onde a extração de dados biométricos e comportamentais constitui tanto o meio de control como também o fundamento económico das plataformas digitais. As conclusões sugerem que resolver essa tensão requer repensar fundamentalmente as categorias políticas herdadas da modernidade inicial, desenvolvendo marcos normativos capazes de proteger a autonomia individual sem sucumbir a ilusões de transparência total ou segurança absoluta.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: The tension between security and freedom constitutes one of the fundamental dilemmas of contemporary societies, exponentially intensified by the advent of mass digital surveillance technologies. This work critically examines this paradox from biopolitical and philosophical theoretical frameworks, arguing that contemporary digital architectures do not simply balance security and freedom but radically reconfigure the very modalities of governmental power and individual subjectivity. Through an analysis that integrates Foucauldian concepts of biopolitics and governmentality with contemporary perspectives on digital surveillance, it is argued that the current security paradigm operates through preventive control mechanisms that transcend traditional disciplinary forms. The research explores how predictive algorithms, facial recognition systems, and mass datification platforms construct visibility regimes where freedom is simultaneously proclaimed and eroded. It is argued that this paradox represents not an accidental contradiction but a structural feature of surveillance capitalism, where the extraction of biometric and behavioral data constitutes both the means of control and the economic foundation of digital platforms. The conclusions suggest that resolving this tension requires fundamentally rethinking the political categories inherited from early modernity, developing normative frameworks capable of protecting individual autonomy without succumbing to illusions of total transparency or absolute security.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="fr"><p><![CDATA[Résumé : La tension entre sécurité et liberté constitue l&amp;apos;un des dilemmes fondamentaux des sociétés contemporaines, intensifié de manière exponentielle par l&amp;apos;avènement des technologies numériques de surveillance de masse. Cet article examine de manière critique ce paradoxe à partir de cadres théoriques biopolitiques et philosophiques, en soutenant que les architectures numériques contemporaines ne se contentent pas d&amp;apos;équilibrer sécurité et liberté, mais qu&amp;apos;elles reconfigurent radicalement les modalités mêmes du pouvoir gouvernemental et de la subjectivité individuelle. À travers une analyse qui intègre les concepts foucaldiens de biopolitique et de gouvernementalité avec des perspectives contemporaines sur la surveillance numérique, il est soutenu que le paradigme sécuritaire actuel fonctionne grâce à des mécanismes de contrôle préventif qui transcendent les formes disciplinaires traditionnelles. La recherche explore comment les algorithmes prédictifs, les systèmes de reconnaissance faciale et les plateformes de datification massive construisent des régimes de visibilité où la liberté est simultanément proclamée et érodée. Il est avancé que ce paradoxe ne représente pas une contradiction accidentelle, mais une caractéristique structurelle du capitalisme de surveillance, où l&amp;apos;extraction de données biométriques et comportementales constitue à la fois le moyen de contrôle et le fondement économique des plateformes numériques. Les conclusions suggèrent que pour résoudre cette tension, il faut repenser fondamentalement les catégories politiques héritées du début de la modernité, en développant des cadres normatifs capables de protéger l&amp;apos;autonomie individuelle sans succomber aux illusions d&amp;apos;une transparence totale ou d&amp;apos;une sécurité absolue.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Biopolítica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Vigilancia digital]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Gubernamentalidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Libertad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Seguridad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Capitalismo de vigilancia.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Biopolítica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Vigilância digital]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Governamentalidade]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Liberdade]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Segurança]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Capitalismo de vigilância]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Biopolitics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Digital surveillance]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Governmentality]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Freedom]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Security]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Surveillance capitalism]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[Biopolitique]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[Surveillance numérique]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[Gouvernementalité]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[Liberté]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[Sécurité]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[Capitalisme de surveillance.]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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