<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2076-054X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Población y Desarrollo ]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Poblac.Desarro.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2076-054X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS- UNA]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2076-054X2021000100092</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18004/pdfce/2076-054x/2021.027.52.092</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Ventajas comparativas reveladas y capital humano: un diagnóstico de la fuerza laboral en Paraguay 2017]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Revealed comparative advantages and human capital: a diagnosis of the workforce in Paraguay 2017]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gayoso-de Ervin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lyliana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Centurión-Nybroe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Meredith College  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Raleigh ]]></addr-line>
<country>USA</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Comisión Nacional de la Competencia (CONACOM) Dirección de Investigación ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Asunción ]]></addr-line>
<country>Paraguay</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>27</volume>
<numero>52</numero>
<fpage>92</fpage>
<lpage>107</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2076-054X2021000100092&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2076-054X2021000100092&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2076-054X2021000100092&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN Existe amplia evidencia de que economías diversificadas tienden a mostrar niveles de desarrollo económico y social más elevados. Por ello, es importante implementar políticas que fomenten una mayor diversificación económica. Estas políticas, sin embargo, deben estar acompañadas de mejoras en los niveles de productividad de los trabajadores, ya que ésta es uno de los motores del crecimiento económico. En el presente estudio, se busca informar sobre la situación actual de la fuerza laboral en los sectores agrícola, ganadero, manufacturero e industrial, los cuales han sido identificados como los sectores con mayores ventajas comparativas reveladas por Gonzalez et al. (2018). Para ello, utilizamos datos de las encuestas de hogares del 2017 realizada por el Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), de manera a poder realizar un diagnóstico de la fuerza laboral de estos sectores que sirva como una evaluación de las capacidades ya instaladas y permita eventualmente evaluar las capacidades requeridas ante la implementación de políticas que fomenten los sectores con ventajas comparativas reveladas. Los resultados denotan que los sectores analizados presentan bajos niveles educativos y una precaria calidad del empleo, principalmente en el sector agrícola. Esto implica que, para lograr avanzar en la senda de un desarrollo sostenible, las políticas públicas deben apuntar a una mayor inversión en capital humano, principalmente en los sectores productivos considerados, y a una mejora de la calidad del empleo, de manera a que estas se traduzcan en mayores niveles de productividad.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT There is ample evidence that diversified economies tend to show higher levels of economic and social development. Therefore, it is important to implement policies that promote greater economic diversification. These policies, however, must be accompanied by improvements in worker productivity levels, since this is one of the engines of economic growth. In this study, we seek to report on the current situation of the labor force in the agricultural, livestock, manufacturing and industrial sectors, which have been identified as the sectors with the greatest comparative advantages revealed by Gonzalez et al. (2018). To do this, we use data from the National Statis tics Institute&#8217;s 2017 household surveys, in order to be able to carry out a diagnosis of the labor force in these sectors that serves as an evaluation of the capacities already installed in these sectors and that eventually allow us to evaluate the capacities required in order to implement policies that promote sectors with revealed comparative advantages. The results show that the sectors analyzed present low educational levels and a precarious quality of employment, mainly in the agricultural sector. This implies that, in order to advance on the path of sustainable development, public policies must aim at greater investment in human capital, mainly in the productive sectors considered, and an improvement in the quality of employment, so that these are translated at higher levels of productivity.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ventajas-comparativas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[capital-humano]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[productividad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[crecimiento-económico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[comparative advantage]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[human capital]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[productivity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[economic growth]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Antonovics]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Town]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Are all the good men married? Uncovering the sources of the marital wage premium]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[American Economic Review]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>94</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>317-21</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>BCP</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Anexo Estadístico]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Asunción ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Corvalán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Education in the Mother Tongue and Educational Achievement]]></source>
<year>1984</year>
<page-range>95-106</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Quarterly Review of Education]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dollaghan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Campbell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Paradise]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Feldman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Janosky]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pitcairn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kurs-Lasky]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Maternal education and measures of early speech and language]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>42</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>1432-43</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>FMI</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Economic Diversification in Oil-Exporting Arab]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Washington DC ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Fondo Monetario Internacional]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ganzach]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Parent's education, cognitive ability, educational expectations and educational attainment, Interactive effects]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[British Journal of Educational Psychology]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<page-range>419-41</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gayoso de Ervin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Essays on the Economics of Education and Language of Instruction]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Washington State University ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Pullman]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gayoso de Ervin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ervin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Un análisis del gasto en educación de los hogares en Paraguay: sesgos por género, brechas por idioma, y el acceso a la educación]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Población y Desarrollo]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>43</numero>
<issue>43</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gayoso de Ervin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jara]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Centurion Nybroe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramírez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Informe de Desarrollo en el Paraguay]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Asunción ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Secretaría Técnica de Planificación]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ortigoza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Llamosas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Blanco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Amarilla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Multicriteria analysis of economic complexity transition in emerging economies: The case of Paraguay]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Socio-Economic Planning Sciences]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hausmann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Klinger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Structural transformation and patterns of comparative advantage in the product space]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<numero>128</numero>
<issue>128</issue>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[CID Working Paper]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>INE</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Encuesta Permanente de Hogares]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Korenman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Neumark]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Does Marriage Really Make Men More Productive?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Human Resources]]></source>
<year>1991</year>
<page-range>282-307</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lau]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jamison]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[&amp; Louat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Education and Productivity in Developing Countries: An Aggregate Production Function Approach.]]></source>
<year>1991</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Washington D.C. ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[World Bank Publications]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Laursen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Revealed comparative advantage and the alternatives as measures of international specialization]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Eurasian Business Review]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>99-115</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Matute]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sanz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gumá]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roselli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ardila]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Influencia del nivel educativo de los padres, el tipo de escuela y el sexo en el desarrollo de la atención y la memoria]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Latinoamericana de Psicología]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>41</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>257-76</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ovando]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Los desafíos del empleo juvenil en Paraguay]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Asunción ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[CADEP]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Patrinos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Velez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Psacharopoulos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Language, education, and earnings in Asuncion]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<page-range>57-68</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Paraguay ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[The Journal of Developing Areas]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Psacharopoulos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Patrinos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Education and earnings in Paraguay]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Economics of Education Review]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>321-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ruppert Bulmer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Watson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Padua]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Paraguay jobs diagnostic: the dynamic transformation of employment.]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Washington D.C. ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[World Bank]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>STP</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Plan Nacional de Desarrollo 2030]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Asunción ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Secretaría Técnica de Planificación]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
