<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2072-8174</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista del Nacional (Itauguá)]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Nac. (Itauguá)]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2072-8174</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Hospital Nacional (Itauguá)]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2072-81742026000100205</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18004/rdn2026.e1800105</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Invarianza de la Medición según Sexo y Edad del Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4) en comunidades nativas Shipibo-Konibo de Ucayali, Perú]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Measurement invariance by sex and age of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4) in shipibo-konibo native communities of Ucayali, Perú]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carrillo-Sarmiento]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Isis Janette]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caycho-Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Tomás]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baños-Chaparro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jonatan]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dominguez-Palpa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Francisca Amarilis]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Científica del Sur Facultad de Psicología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lima ]]></addr-line>
<country>Peru</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lima ]]></addr-line>
<country>Peru</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Ucayali  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Pucallpa ]]></addr-line>
<country>Peru</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>18</volume>
<fpage>205</fpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2072-81742026000100205&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2072-81742026000100205&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2072-81742026000100205&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción: el Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) es un instrumento ultrabreve ampliamente empleado para la evaluación de síntomas de ansiedad y depresión; sin embargo, carece de adaptación formal en lenguas amazónicas.  Objetivo: evaluar la invarianza de la medición del Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) en función del sexo y la edad en comunidades nativas Shipibo-Konibo de Ucayali, Perú.  Metodología: el estudio tiene un diseño transversal. La versión del PHQ-4, adaptada lingüística y culturalmente, fue administrada a 150 participantes seleccionados por muestreo no probabilístico.  Resultados:  el Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio (AFC) evidenció que el modelo unifactorial del PHQ-4 versión shipibo fue el más apropiado y coherente según la cosmovisión holística propia de esta comunidad (CFI = .99, TLI = .97, SRMR = .03). Asimismo, se observó invarianza estricta por sexo y edad; no se encontraron diferencias en las puntuaciones medias entre hombres y mujeres, mientras sí se encontraron diferencias según la edad, con mayor sintomatología en el grupo de 36 años a más.  Conclusión:  el PHQ-4 es una medida invariante para medir síntomas de ansiedad y depresión en diferentes grupos de sexo y edad en la comunidad Shipibo-Konibo.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Introduction: the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) is an ultra-brief instrument widely used for assessing symptoms of anxiety and depression; however, it lacks formal adaptation in Amazonian languages.  Objective: to evaluate the measurement invariance of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4) with respect to sex and age in Shipibo-Konibo native communities of Ucayali, Peru.  Methodology: the study has a cross-sectional design.The linguistically and culturally adapted version of the PHQ-4 was administered to 150 participants selected by non-probability sampling.  Results: Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) showed that the unifactorial model of the Shipibo version of the PHQ-4 was the most appropriate and consistent with the holistic worldview of this community (CFI = .99, TLI = .97, SRMR = .03). Strict invariance was also observed by sex and age; no differences were found in mean scores between men and women, while differences were found according to age, with greater symptomatology in the 36 and older age group.  Conclusion: the PHQ-4 is an invariant measure for assessing symptoms of anxiety and depression in different sex and age groups within Shipibo-Konibo community.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ansiedad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[depresión]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[invarianza]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Shipibo-Konibo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[anxiety]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[depression]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[invariance]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Shipibo-Konibo]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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