<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2072-8174</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista del Nacional (Itauguá)]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Nac. (Itauguá)]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2072-8174</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Hospital Nacional (Itauguá)]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2072-81742025000100193</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18004/rdn2025.e1700193</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[El desafío de la resistencia a los antibióticos en Paraguay: un enfoque multidisciplinario para la acción]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The challenge of antibiotic resistance in Paraguay: a multidisciplinary approach to action]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Méndez-Romero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Julieta]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A a"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez-Fernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Almudena]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A a"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A5"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Villasanti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ulises]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caballero García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Cristina Raquel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ortiz Rolón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Analía]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Estigarribia Sanabria]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gladys Mercedes]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ríos-González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aguilar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gloria]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Figueiras Guzmán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Adolfo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A a"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A5"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Caaguazú Instituto Regional de Investigación en Salud ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Coronel Oviedo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Paraguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Ministerio de Salud Pública y Bienestar Social Instituto Nacional de Salud ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Asunción ]]></addr-line>
<country>Paraguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Santiago de Compostela Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santiago de Compostela ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS)  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santiago de Compostela ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades Instituto de Salud Carlos III Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Epidemiología y Salud Pública]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>17</volume>
<fpage>193</fpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2072-81742025000100193&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2072-81742025000100193&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2072-81742025000100193&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción: la resistencia a los antibióticos representa una amenaza creciente para la salud pública a nivel mundial, y Paraguay no está exento de esta problemática. Este artículo analiza la resistencia a los antibióticos en el contexto paraguayo desde una perspectiva multidisciplinaria, evaluando la situación actual, los factores que contribuyen a su desarrollo y las estrategias clave para combatirla. Se abordan cinco áreas fundamentales: la epidemiología de la resistencia, la educación y concientización, el papel de la salud pública y la legislación, la importancia de las políticas nacionales y el valor de los informes y estudios para la toma de decisiones.  Metodología: se llevó a cabo una revisión de la literatura sobre la resistencia a los antibióticos en Paraguay. Se consultaron estudios epidemiológicos, informes gubernamentales, políticas públicas y estudios de investigación. La búsqueda se realizó en bases de datos científicas, además de repositorios institucionales y documentos del Ministerio de Salud Pública y Bienestar Social de Paraguay. La información, recopilada en inglés y español hasta octubre de 2024, fue analizada y sintetizada para proporcionar una visión integral de la situación y las estrategias de acción.  Conclusión: el artículo concluye con un llamado a la acción conjunta entre el sistema de salud, la sociedad civil y los organismos internacionales para enfrentar este desafío. La resistencia a los antibióticos requiere un enfoque integral basado en educación, regulación, monitoreo y políticas efectivas para mitigar su impacto en la salud pública y garantizar la seguridad sanitaria en Paraguay.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Introduction: antibiotic resistance represents a growing threat to public health worldwide, and Paraguay is not exempt from this problem. This article analyses antibiotic resistance in the Paraguayan context from a multidisciplinary perspective, assessing the current situation, the factors contributing to its development and key strategies to combat it. Five key areas are addressed: the epidemiology of resistance, education and awareness, the role of public health and legislation, the importance of national policies, and the value of reports and studies for decision-making.  Methodology: a review of the literature on antibiotic resistance in Paraguay was conducted. Epidemiological studies, government reports, public policies and research studies were consulted. The search was conducted in scientific databases, as well as institutional repositories and documents from the Ministerio de Salud Pública y Bienestar Social of Paraguay. The information, collected in English and Spanish up to October 2024, was analysed and synthesised to provide a comprehensive overview of the situation and strategies for action.  Conclusion: the article concludes with a call for joint action between the health system, civil society and international agencies to address this challenge. Antimicrobial resistance requires a comprehensive approach based on education, regulation, monitoring and effective policies to mitigate its impact on public health and ensure health security in Paraguay.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[resistencia a los antibióticos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Paraguay]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[salud pública]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[legislación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[políticas públicas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[educación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[vigilancia epidemiológica.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[antibiotic resistance]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Paraguay]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[public health]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[legislation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[public policies]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[education]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[epidemiological surveillance.]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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