<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2072-8174</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista del Nacional (Itauguá)]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Nac. (Itauguá)]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2072-8174</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Hospital Nacional (Itauguá)]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2072-81742025000100123</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18004/rdn2025.e1700123</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Uso de redes sociales y desempeño atencional en estudiantes de medicina: un estudio mediante evaluación cognitiva objetiva]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Social media use and attentional performance in medical students: an objective cognitive assessment study]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torales]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Julio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A a"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Nicolás]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[O´Higgins]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marcelo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caycho-Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Tomás]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castaldelli-Maia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[João Mauricio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ventriglio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Antonio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barrios]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Iván]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Asunción Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Grupo de Investigación sobre Epidemiología de los Trastornos Mentales, Psicopatología y Neurociencias]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[San Lorenzo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Paraguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Postgrado Universidad de Los Lagos ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Osorno ]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Sudamericana Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Salto del Guairá ]]></addr-line>
<country>Paraguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Científica del Sur  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lima ]]></addr-line>
<country>Peru</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of São Paulo Department of Psychiatry ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[São Paulo, SP ]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af6">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Foggia Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Foggia ]]></addr-line>
<country>Italy</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af7">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Asunción Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Filial Santa Rosa del Aguaray, Cátedra de Bioestadística]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santa Rosa del Aguaray ]]></addr-line>
<country>Paraguay</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>17</volume>
<fpage>123</fpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2072-81742025000100123&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2072-81742025000100123&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2072-81742025000100123&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción: el uso intensivo de redes sociales se ha asociado con alteraciones atencionales y del sueño en adultos jóvenes, aunque la evidencia basada en evaluaciones objetivas presenciales sigue siendo limitada en Latinoamérica.  Objetivo: analizar la relación entre el tiempo diario de uso de redes sociales y el desempeño atencional en estudiantes de medicina mediante pruebas cognitivas objetivas.  Metodología: estudio observacional, transversal y correlacional en 73 estudiantes de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de la Universidad Nacional de Asunción. Se aplicó un cuestionario sociodemográfico y de hábitos digitales, junto a tres pruebas cognitivas: Mackworth (atención sostenida), Búsqueda Visual de Treisman y Gelade (atención selectiva) y Flankers de Eriksen (control inhibitorio). Se realizaron análisis descriptivos e inferenciales no paramétricos.  Resultados: el uso diario de redes fue de 3,77 ± 1,02 h y el sueño nocturno de 5,33 ± 0,64 h. El 90,4% mostró atención sostenida normal, mientras que el 76,7% presentó alteraciones en atención selectiva. No se encontró correlación entre tiempo en redes y desempeño en Mackworth (r = 0,154; p = 0,194). Edad y horas de sueño se asociaron negativamente con el rendimiento atencional.  Conclusiones: el tiempo de uso de redes no se relacionó directamente con la atención sostenida, sugiriéndose efectos indirectos mediados por el sueño y la fatiga cognitiva.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Introduction: intensive social media use has been associated with attentional and sleep alterations in young adults; however, evidence based on objective in-person assessments in Latin America remains limited.  Objective: to analyze the relationship between daily social media use time and attentional performance in medical students using objective cognitive tests.  Methodology: an observational, cross-sectional correlational study was conducted among 73 students from the Faculty of Medical Sciences of the National University of Asunción. Participants completed a sociodemographic and digital habits questionnaire and underwent three cognitive tests: theMackworth Vigilance Task (sustained attention), the Treisman and Gelade Visual Search Task (selective attention), and the Eriksen Flanker Task (inhibitory control). Descriptive and non-parametric inferential analyses were performed.  Results: mean daily social media use was 3.77 ± 1.02 h and nocturnal sleep duration was 5.33 ± 0.64 h. Normal sustained attention was found in 90.4% of participants, whereas 76.7% exhibited impaired selective attention. No correlation was observed between social media use time and Mackworth performance (r = 0.154; p = 0.194). Age and sleep duration were negatively associated with attentional performance.  Conclusions: social media use time was not directly associated with sustained attention, suggesting indirect effects mediated by sleep reduction and cognitive fatigue.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[redes sociales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[estudiantes de medicina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[evaluación cognitiva]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[sueño.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[social media]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[medical students]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[cognitive assessment]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[sleep.]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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