<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1996-3696</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista del Instituto de Medicina Tropical]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Inst. Med. Trop.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1996-3696</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto de Medicina Tropical]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1996-36962025000200010</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18004/imt/2025.20.2.10</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Tratamiento y evolución de las peritonitis de origen apendicular en pacientes menores de 18 años internados en el servicio de Pediatría del Hospital de Clínicas, San Lorenzo - Paraguay. Período 2021-2023]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Treatment and evolution of peritonitis of appendiceal origin in patients under 18 years of age admitted to the Pediatrics service of the Hospital de Clínicas, San Lorenzo - Paraguay. Period 2021-2023]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Báez Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carmen]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jiménez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Hassel Jimmy]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Duarte]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Laura]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez de Cuellar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Celia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Asunción Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Cátedra y Servicio de Pediatría]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[San Lorenzo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Paraguay</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>20</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>10</fpage>
<lpage>16</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1996-36962025000200010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1996-36962025000200010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1996-36962025000200010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN Introducción: La peritonitis apendicular es una de las principales emergencias quirúrgicas pediátricas, cuyo pronóstico depende del diagnóstico precoz y del tratamiento oportuno. Conocer su comportamiento epidemiológico local permite orientar intervenciones que mejoren los resultados clínicos. Objetivo: El objetivo del estudio fue describir la evolución clínica y las características epidemiológicas de la peritonitis apendicular en pacientes pediátricos hospitalizados en el Hospital de Clínicas entre 2021 y 2023. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal y retrospectivo. Se incluyeron pacientes menores de 18 años con diagnóstico de peritonitis de origen apendicular. Se analizaron variables sociodemográficas, presentación clínica, tiempo de evolución, uso de antimicrobianos, complicaciones y estancia hospitalaria. Las variables cuantitativas se describieron mediante medias y desviación estándar, y las cualitativas mediante proporciones. Las asociaciones se evaluaron mediante la prueba de chi cuadrado. Resultados: Se incluyeron 85 pacientes; predominó el sexo masculino (68,2%) y el grupo etario de 10-14 años (42,4%). El 63,5% procedía del Departamento Central. El dolor abdominal fue el síntoma más frecuente (97,6%), seguido de vómitos (76,5%) y fiebre (54,1%). Más de la mitad consultó dentro de las primeras 24 horas (55,3%). El esquema antimicrobiano más utilizado fue la combinación de una cefalosporina de tercera generación con un nitroimidazol (85,9%). Las complicaciones ocurrieron en el 14,1% de los pacientes, destacándose sepsis (7,1%) y neumonía por contigüidad (5,9%). Tres pacientes requirieron cuidados intensivos (3,5%). El tiempo de evolución &#8805;48 horas se asoció significativamente con complicaciones (p &lt; 0,0001). Conclusión: La peritonitis apendicular afectó predominantemente a varones en edad escolar y adolescencia temprana. La demora en la consulta se asoció con mayor riesgo de complicaciones, resaltando la importancia del diagnóstico oportuno.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT Introduction: Appendiceal peritonitis is one of the main pediatric surgical emergencies, the prognosis of which depends on early diagnosis and timely treatment. Understanding its local epidemiological behavior allows for guiding interventions that improve clinical outcomes. Objective: The objective of this study was to describe the clinical evolution and epidemiological characteristics of appendiceal peritonitis in pediatric patients hospitalized at the Hospital de Clínicas between 2021 and 2023. Materials and Methods: Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, and retrospective study. Patients under 18 years of age diagnosed with peritonitis of appendiceal origin were included. Sociodemographic variables, clinical presentation, duration of illness, antimicrobial use, complications, and length of hospital stay were analyzed. Quantitative variables were described using means and standard deviations, and qualitative variables using proportions. Associations were evaluated using the chi-square test. Results: 85 patients were included; Males predominated (68.2%), as did the 10-14 year age group (42.4%). 63.5% of patients came from the Central Department. Abdominal pain was the most frequent symptom (97.6%), followed by vomiting (76.5%) and fever (54.1%). More than half sought medical attention within the first 24 hours (55.3%). The most frequently used antimicrobial regimen was a combination of a third-generation cephalosporin and a nitroimidazole (85.9%). Complications occurred in 14.1% of patients, with sepsis (7.1%) and contiguous pneumonia (5.9%) being the most common. Three patients required intensive care (3.5%). A symptom duration of &#8805;48 hours was significantly associated with complications (p &lt; 0.0001). Conclusion: Appendiceal peritonitis predominantly affected school-aged males and young adolescents. Delay in seeking medical attention was associated with a higher risk of complications, highlighting the importance of timely diagnosis.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Peritonitis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Apendicitis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Complicaciones posoperatorias]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Tiempo hasta el tratamiento]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Antibacterianos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Peritonitis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Appendicitis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Postoperative complications]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Time to treatment]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Antibacterial agents]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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