<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1816-8949</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Anales de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas (Asunción)]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[An. Fac. Cienc. Méd. (Asunción)]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1816-8949</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[EFACIM. Editorial de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas - Universidad Nacional de Asunción]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1816-89492024000300028</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18004/anales/2024.057.03.28</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Evaluación postural y factores asociados a alteraciones de la columna vertebral en escolares con uso diario de mochila: un estudio transversal]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Postural Evaluation and Factors Associated with Spinal Alterations in Schoolchildren with Daily Backpack Use: A Cross-Sectional Study]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cabañas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Willian Ricardo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kikuchi Hisaoka]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Akira]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Asunción Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Hospital de Clínicas, Cátedra de Traumatología]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[San Lorenzo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Paraguay</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>57</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>28</fpage>
<lpage>34</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1816-89492024000300028&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1816-89492024000300028&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1816-89492024000300028&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción:  Las alteraciones posturales en las escuelas constituyen un problema de salud pública emergente, asociado al uso inadecuado de mochilas. Estas disfunciones predisponen a trastornos musculo esqueléticos, y afecta la salud física y el rendimiento académico.  Objetivo:  Evaluar la postura y determinar los factores asociados a alteraciones de la columna vertebral en escolares que utilizan mochila diariamente.  Materiales y Métodos: Estudio observacional analítico transversal en 192 escolares de 6-14 años de una institución educativa privada de San Lorenzo, Paraguay. Se realizó evaluación postural mediante método Kendall estandarizado. Se identificaron escolares con alteraciones posturales y sin ellas para analizar factores asociados. Se recolectaron datos sociodemográficos, antropométricos y sobre uso de mochilas mediante cuestionario validado. Se realizó análisis bivariado y regresión logística multivariada  Resultados:  La prevalencia de alteraciones posturales fue del 25% (n=48). Se identifica: escoliosis-cifosis combinada (12,5%), escoliosis aislada (8,3%) y cifosis (4,2%). El sexo masculino mostró mayor prevalencia (OR=4.8; IC95%:2.3-9.9; p&lt;0.001). El 65% transportaba peso superior al 10% corporal. El uso incorrecto de mochila se afecta significativamente con alteraciones posturales (OR=2.3; IC95%:1.5-3.5; p&lt;0.001). Las principales repercusiones fueron: necesidad de medicación (OR=13.0; IC95%:5.3-32.0), consulta médica (OR=11.0; IC95%:6.3-26.4) y ausentismo escolar (OR=5.3; IC95%:3.9-9.0).  Conclusiones:  La prevalencia de alteraciones posturales fue significativa, predominando en varones. El uso inadecuado de mochila y lesiones previas constituyen factores de riesgo importantes. Se requiere de programas preventivos enfocados en educación postural y uso correcto de mochilas escolares.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Introduction:  Postural alterations in schoolchildren constitute an emerging public health problem associated with improper backpack use. These dysfunctions predispose to musculoskeletal disorders, affecting children's physical health and academic performance.  Objective:  To evaluate posture and determine factors associated with spinal alterations in schoolchildren who use backpacks daily.  Materials and Methods:  Observational analytical cross-sectional study in 192 schoolchildren aged 6-14 years from a private educational institution in San Lorenzo, Paraguay. Postural evaluation was performed using standardized Kendall method. Students with and without postural alterations were identified to analyze associated factors. Sociodemographic, anthropometric, and backpack use data were collected through a validated questionnaire. Bivariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression were performed.  Results:  The prevalence of postural alterations was 25% (n=48). Combined scoliosis-kyphosis (12.5%), isolated scoliosis (8.3%), and kyphosis (4.2%) were identified. Male sex showed higher prevalence (OR=4.8; 95%CI:2.3-9.9; p&lt;0.001). Sixty-five percent carried weight exceeding 10% of body weight. Incorrect backpack use was significantly associated with postural alterations (OR=2.3; 95%CI:1.5-3.5; p&lt;0.001). Main repercussions were: need for medication (OR=13.0; 95%CI:5.3-32.0), medical consultation (OR=11.0; 95%CI:6.3-26.4), and school absenteeism (OR=5.3; 95%CI:3.9-9.0).  Conclusions:  The prevalence of postural alterations was significant, predominantly in males. Improper backpack use and previous injuries constituted important risk factors. Preventive programs focused on postural education and proper backpack use are required.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Alteraciones posturales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[columna vertebral]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[escoliosis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[cifosis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[salud musculo esquelética]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[educación postural]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Postural alterations]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[spine]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[scoliosis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[kyphosis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[musculoskeletal health]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[postural education]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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