<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1816-8949</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Anales de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas (Asunción)]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[An. Fac. Cienc. Méd. (Asunción)]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1816-8949</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[EFACIM. Editorial de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas - Universidad Nacional de Asunción]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1816-89492017000200017</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18004/anales/2017.050(02)17-022</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Estrés, ansiedad y depresión en estudiantes secundarios de la ciudad de Santa Rosa del Aguaray, Departamento de San Pedro, 2016]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Stress, anxiety and depression in high school students of the city of Santa Rosa del Aguaray, Department of San Pedro, 2016]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mereles Oviedo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rojas Melgarejo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barrios]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Amarilla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torales]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Asunción Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Filial de Santa Rosa del Aguaray]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Paraguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Asunción Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[San Lorenzo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Paraguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Filial de Santa Rosa del Aguaray Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Cátedra de Fisiopatología]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Paraguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Asunción Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Filial de Santa Rosa del Aguaray]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santa Rosa del Aguaray ]]></addr-line>
<country>Paraguay</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>50</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>17</fpage>
<lpage>22</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1816-89492017000200017&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1816-89492017000200017&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1816-89492017000200017&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción:  En este estudio interesa investigar los niveles de estrés, ansiedad y depresión que tiene una población de estudiantes secundarios. Creemos importante estudiar esta temática, en particular porque al tratarse de preuniversitarios debe darse especial énfasis a la detección e intervención precoz sobre situaciones que podrían afectar su desarrollo personal, académico, familiar y social.  Materiales y métodos:  Estudio observacional, descriptivo, con corte transversal y muestreo no probabilístico a criterio, realizado en estudiantes de educación media del Colegio Nacional &#8220;Santa Rosa&#8221;, del Departamento de San Pedro. Para medir estrés, ansiedad y depresión, se utilizó el DASS-21, que consta de 21 ítems.  Resultados:  Se evidenció la existencia de al menos cierto nivel del estrés en el 43,5% de los estudiantes entrevistados, siendo de nivel extremo en 8,7% de los participantes. Se reportó algún grado de ansiedad en por lo menos el 71,7%, y algún grado de depresión en al menos 52,2% de los participantes.  Discusión:  Si bien los niveles de estrés encontrados en la presente investigación son menores a los reportados en la bibliografía, los valores de ansiedad y depresión superan los reportados por otros estudios en población similar. La investigación sobre los niveles de estrés, ansiedad y depresión en estudiantes preuniversitarios es un tema actual e innovador, que busca encontrar soluciones efectivas para hacer frente a estas condiciones que repercuten negativamente en la vida de los estudiantes.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Introduction:  In this study it is interesting to investigate the levels of stress, anxiety and depression in a population of high school students. We believe that it is important to study this issue, particularly as they are pre-university students. Special emphasis should be placed on early detection and intervention on situations that could affect personal, academic, family and social development of high school students.  Materials and methods:  Observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study, with non-probabilistic and at criterion sampling, of students of the &#8220;Santa Rosa&#8221; National School, Department of San Pedro, enrolled in secondary education. To measure stress, anxiety and depression, we used the DASS-21, which consists of 21 items.  Results:  There was evidence of at least a certain level of stress in 43,5% of the students interviewed. Extreme level of stress was found in 8,7% of the participants. Some degree of anxiety was reported in at least 71,7% of the population, and some degree of depression in at least 52,2% of the participants.  Discussion:  Although the levels of stress found in the present study are lower than those reported in the literature, the values of anxiety and depression exceed those reported by other studies in a similar population. Research on the levels of stress, anxiety and depression in pre-university students is a current and innovative topic, which seeks to find effective solutions to address these conditions that have a negative impact on the lives of students.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[estudiantes secundarios]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[estrés]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[depresión]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ansiedad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[high school students]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[stress]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[depression]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[anxiety]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hau Jett]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lin]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yusoff]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MSB]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Psychological Distress, Sources of Stress and Coping Strategy in High School Students]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int Med J]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>20</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>672-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reynaldos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Saavedra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Caracterización cognitiva y emocional de los estudiantes de la Universidad Católica del Maule: Años 1999, 2001, 2003]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Estud. Pedagóg]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>32</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>87-102</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Joffre]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Depresión en estudiantes de medicina. Resultados de la aplicación del inventario de depresión de Beck en su versión de 13 ítems]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Argentina de Clínica Neuropsiquiátrica]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<page-range>86-93</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torales]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Niveles de depresión y ansiedad en estudiantes de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional de Asunción]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Asunción ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional de Asunción]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alvial]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bonifetti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cova]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Problemas de salud mental en estudiantes de la Universidad de Concepción]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Terapia Psicológica]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>25</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>105-12</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arce Ramírez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torales Benítez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Riego Meyer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez Zarza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Trastornos del Estado de Ánimo]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arce Ramírez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torales Benítez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[El Libro Azul de la Psiquiatría]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<edition>1ª ed</edition>
<page-range>129-48</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Asunción ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[EFACIM]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Landero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Confirmación de un modelo explicativo del estrés y de los síntomas psicosomáticos mediante ecuaciones estructurales]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Panam Salud Pública]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>7-18</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Haller]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Puskar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sereika]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Anxiety, somatic complaints, and depressive symptoms in rural adolescents]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Child and Adolescent Pschyatric Nursing]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<page-range>102-11</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ortuño Sierra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aritio Solana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chocarro de Luis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fonseca Pedrero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Adolescencia temprana y estrés en el contexto escolar: utilización de la Student Stress Inventory - Stress Manifestations (SSI-SM)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Electron J Res Educ Psychol]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>607-30</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ortuño-Sierra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fonseca-Pedrero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aritio-Solana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Stress assessment during adolescence: Psychometric properties and measurement invariance of the Student Stress Inventory-Stress Manifestations across gender and age]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Eur J Dev Psychol]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>529-44</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Román]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Validación de la versión abreviada de las escalas de depresión, ansiedad y estrés (DASS - 21) en adolescentes estudiantes de enseñanza media de la comuna de Temuco]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Temuco ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de La Frontera]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Antúnez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vinet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EV]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Escalas de Depresión, Ansiedad y Estrés (DASS - 21): Validación de la Versión abreviada en Estudiantes Universitarios Chilenos]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ter Psicológica]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>49-55</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fonseca-Pedrero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Paino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lemos-Giráldez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muñiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Propiedades Psicométricas de la Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21) en universitarios españoles]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ansiedad y Estrés]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>2/3</numero>
<issue>2/3</issue>
<page-range>215-26</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pulido]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Serrano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valdés]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chávez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hidalgo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Estrés académico en estudiantes universitarios]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Psicol Salud]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>31-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Puescas Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castro Maldonado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Callirgos Lozada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Failoc Rojas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Díaz Vélez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Factores asociados al nivel de estrés previo un examen en estudiantes de educación secundaria en cuatro instituciones educativas]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Cuerpo Méd Hosp Nac Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>88-93</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Chiclayo-Perú ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramírez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MTG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RL]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Síntomas psicosomáticos y estrés: comparación de un modelo estructural entre hombres y mujeres]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cienc-Uanl]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>11</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>17</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Chinese High School Students&#8217; Academic Stress and Depressive Symptoms: Gender and School Climate as Moderators]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Stress Health J Int Soc Investig Stress]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>28</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>340-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>18</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ospina-Ospina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hinestrosa-Upegui]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Paredes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guzmán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Granados]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Síntomas de ansiedad y depresión en adolescentes escolarizados de 10 a 17 años en Chía]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev. salud pública]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>908-20</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Colombia ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
