<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1812-9528</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Memorias del Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Mem. Inst. Investig. Cienc. Salud]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1812-9528</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1812-95282018000200107</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18004/mem.iics/1812-9528/2018.016(02)107-112</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Ventajas y limitaciones de la citogenética en la medicina actual]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Advantages and limitations of cytogenetics in current medicine]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torres]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Elodia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Asunción Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud Laboratorio de Citogenética. Departamento de Genética]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[San Lorenzo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Paraguay</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>107</fpage>
<lpage>112</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1812-95282018000200107&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1812-95282018000200107&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1812-95282018000200107&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN La citogenética es el estudio de los cromosomas tanto en número como en estructura. En 1882 Flemming publica las primeras primeras ilustraciones de los cromosomas humanos a partir de observaciones al microscopio y recién en el año 1953, Tjio y Levan determinaron el número real de cromosomas humanos por célula diploide (2n=46). El propósito de este trabajo es presentar el valor, uso actual e importancia de los estudios citogenéticos en aquellos casos en que el profesional de salud se enfrente a un paciente con una probable enfermedad de causa genética o síndrome dismórfico, además de exponer algunas experiencias de un laboratorio de Citogenética en el Paraguay, donde se realiza el estudio cromosómico. Aún con el advenimiento de la Biología Molecular y de la Citogenética Molecular, la citogenética convencional sigue siendo una herramienta de gran importancia, ya que permite realizar el diagnóstico de una enfermedad genética en pacientes con sospecha clínica de ser portadores de anomalías cromosómicas, y por tanto asesorar a las familias respecto de dicha enfermedad, proveer un pronóstico, riesgo de recurrencia y en casos que se requiera, un tratamiento.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT Cytogenetics is the study of chromosomes both in number and structure. The first publications about human cytogenetics were provided towards the end of the 19th century with the publication of Flemming in 1882 of the first figures of human chromosomes from observations under the microscope and only in 1953, Tjio and Levan determined the actual number of human chromosomes per diploid cell (2n = 46). The purpose of this paper is to present the value, current use and importance of cytogenetic studies in those cases in which the health professional faces a patient with a probable disease of genetic causes or dysmorphic syndrome, in addition to exposing some experiences from a Cytogenetics laboratory in Paraguay, where chromosomal study is carried out. Even with the arrival of Molecular Biology and Molecular Cytogenetics, conventional cytogenetics is a tool with a great importance, which allows the genetic disease diagnosis in patients with clinical suspicion of being carriers of chromosomal abnormalities, allowing to advice families about the disease, as well as to provide a prognosis, risk of recurrence and, in cases that requires it, a treatment.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[cromosomas humanos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[citogenética]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[estudio genético]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[diagnóstico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[human chromosomes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[cytogenetics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[genetic study]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[diagnosis]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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