<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1683-9803</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Pediatría (Asunción)]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Pediatr. (Asunción)]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1683-9803</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Paraguaya de Pediatría]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1683-98032025000300210</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31698/ped.52032025008b</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Fisiopatología de anemia aplásica adquirida. Nos faltan menos piezas]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Pathophysiology of acquired aplastic anemia: fewer pieces missing]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ballón Cossío]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[David]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital del Niño Dr. Ovidio Aliaga Uría  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[La Paz ]]></addr-line>
<country>Bolivia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>52</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>210</fpage>
<lpage>219</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1683-98032025000300210&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1683-98032025000300210&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1683-98032025000300210&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN La anemia aplásica adquirida (AAA) idiopática es una enfermedad rara, pero presente tanto en niños como en adultos. Tiene picos de incidencia que involucra generalmente arriba de los 10 años. Si bien existe amplia evidencia que respalda un mecanismo inmunológico como base fisiopatológica, respaldado por terapias inmunosupresoras y trasplante hematopoyético, se han descrito alteraciones adicionales que podrían explicar la falta de respuesta al tratamiento en algunos pacientes. Además, ciertos hallazgos sugieren una posible evolución clonal hacia entidades proliferativas, motivo por el cual se considera como una etapa previa a una alteración clonal. En este trabajo se realizó una revisión narrativa, con el objetivo no solo de actualizar la información existente, sino también de explorar la relación entre las diferentes células y citocinas, asi como la aparición de alteraciones genéticas. La revisión permite actualizar las alteraciones de AAA como un proceso multifactorial que generan la falla y progresión de la enfermedad.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT Idiopathic acquired aplastic anemia (AAA) is a rare disease, but it affects both children and adults. It has peak incidences that generally occur after the age of 10. While there is ample evidence supporting an immunological mechanism as its pathophysiological basis, supported by immunosuppressive therapies and hematopoietic transplantation, additional alterations have been described that could explain the lack of response to treatment in some patients. Furthermore, certain findings suggest a possible clonal evolution towards proliferative entities, which is why it is considered a precursor to clonal alteration. This paper presents a narrative review, with the aim not only of updating existing information, but also of exploring the relationship between different cells and cytokines, as well as the appearance of genetic alterations. The review allows for an updated understanding of AAA alterations as a multifactorial process that generates disease failure and progression.]]></p></abstract>
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<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Fisiopatología]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[anemia aplásica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[pediatría]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[idiopática]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Pathophysiology]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[aplastic anemia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[pediatrics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[idiopathic]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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