<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1683-9803</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Pediatría (Asunción)]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Pediatr. (Asunción)]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1683-9803</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Paraguaya de Pediatría]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1683-98032020000200094</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31698/ped.47022020010</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Contaminación bacteriana de esponja de lavado y bachas de cocina de Cantinas de Escuelas de Asunción y Gran Asunción]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Bacterial contamination of Sponges used for Washing and Kitchen Sinks in School Cafeterias in Asunción and Greater Asunción area Schools]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zárate]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Noemí]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cowan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Clyde]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Román]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Christian]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lombardo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gonzalo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad del Norte Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas Carrera Nutrición]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Asunción ]]></addr-line>
<country>Paraguay</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>47</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>94</fpage>
<lpage>99</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1683-98032020000200094&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1683-98032020000200094&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1683-98032020000200094&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción:  Las esponjas y el fregadero constituyen un medio favorable para el crecimiento de microorganismos.  Objetivo:  Evaluar la presencia de microorganismos en esponjas de lavado y bachas de cocina de cantinas de escuelas y colegios de Asunción y gran Asunción.  Materiales y Métodos:  estudio fue observacional descriptivo de corte transversal. Se tomó muestras de esponjas de lavado e hisopado de bachas de cocina de 25 cantinas de escuelas y colegios públicos y privados de Asunción y gran Asunción. Se utilizo medios de cultivo para bacterias aerobias mesófilas y coliformes fecales, Staphylococcus aureus y Salmonella spp. Se considero contaminación la presencia de &#8805;100UFC para las bacterias aerobias mesófilas y cualquier crecimiento de bacterias patógenas. El análisis se realizó en Micorsoft Excell utilizando estadísticas descriptivas.  Resultados:  Fueron incluidas 11 instituciones privadas y 14 públicas. El 88% (22/25 de las esponjas presentaron alta contaminación con bacterias aerobias mesófilas; 20 (80%) con coliformes fecales y 1 (4%) estéril. Hisopados de bachas, 21 (84%) presentaron alta contaminación las mesófilas y 20 (80%) con coliformes fecales, 1 (4%). No se aisló Salmonella spp. ni Staphylococcus aureus. No hubo diferencias en la contaminación de bachas entre instituciones públicas o privadas, pero si en las esponjas 14/14 vs 6/11 en las públicas y privadas respectivamente p=0.008 (T Fisher).  Conclusión:  esponjas de cocina y las bachas de las escuelas de Asunción y gran Asunción estudiadas, presentaron alto porcentaje de contaminación bacteriana tanto con bacterias aerobias mesófilas como con coliformes fecales. No se aisló Staphylococcus aureus ni Salmonella spp.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Introduction:  Sponges and the sink are a favorable medium for microorganism growth.  Objective: To evaluate the presence of microorganisms in washing sponges and kitchen sinks in school cafeterias in Asunción and Greater Asunción.  Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive, observational and cross-sectional study. Samples were taken by swabbing from washing sponges and kitchen sinks from 25 public and private school cafeterias in Asunción and the Greater Asunción area. Culture media were used for aerobic mesophilic and fecal coliform bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella species. The presence of &#8805;100 CFU for mesophilic aerobic bacteria and any growth of pathogenic bacteria was considered contamination. The analysis was performed with Microsoft Excel using descriptive statistics.  Results:  11 private and 14 public institutions were included. 88% (22/25 of the sponges presented high contamination with aerobic mesophilic bacteria; 20 (80%) with fecal coliforms and 1 (4%) was sterile. Sink swabs: 21 (84%) presented high contamination with mesophylls and 20 (80%) with fecal coliforms, 1 (4%) was sterile. No Salmonella species or Staphylococcus aureus was isolated. There were no differences in the contamination of sinks between public or private institutions, but in sponges, 14/14 (public) were contaminated vs 6/11 (private), p = 0.008 (T Fisher).  Conclusions:  kitchen sponges and sinks from the schools of Asuncion and Greater Asuncion area in this study presented a high percentage of bacterial contamination with both aerobic mesophilic bacteria and fecal coliforms. No Staphylococcus aureus or Salmonella species were isolated.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Contaminación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[enfermedades transmitidas por alimentos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[bacterias]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[alimentos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[transmisión]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Contamination, foodborne illness]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[bacteria]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[foods]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[transmission]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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