<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1683-9803</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Pediatría (Asunción)]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Pediatr. (Asunción)]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1683-9803</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Paraguaya de Pediatría]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1683-98032017000200153</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18004/ped.2017.agosto.153-158</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Hiperbilirrubinemia neonatal, encefalopatía bilirrubínica aguda y Kernicterus: La secuencia sigue vigente en el siglo XXI]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, acute bilirubin encephalopathy and Kernicterus: The conti-nuum is still valid in the 21st century]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mesquita]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mirta]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Casartelli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marco]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital General Pediátrico Niños de Acosta Ñu  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[San Lorenzo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Paraguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital General Pediátrico Niños de Acosta Ñu  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[San Lorenzo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Paraguay</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>30</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>30</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>44</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>153</fpage>
<lpage>158</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1683-98032017000200153&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1683-98032017000200153&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1683-98032017000200153&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN Aunque la ictericia afecta a más de la mitad de los neonatos en la primera semana de vida, sólo un grupo de ellos pueden desarrollar hiperbilirrubinemia severa y estar en riesgo de desarrollar encefalopatía bilirrubínica. La afectación neurológica puede presentarse con un cuadro agudo (la encefalopatía bilirrubínica aguda), la cual puede o no progresar a una forma crónica (Kernicterus), o con una constelación de síntomas sensoriales, motores y cognitivos, subagudos o crónicos, dependiendo de la presencia de factores de riesgo que aumentan la susceptibilidad al daño neurológico. La bilirrubina libre interactúa con citoquinas inflamatorias y es la responsable del daño neuronal y de las células de la glía en el sistema nervioso central. A pesar de las diferentes medidas de prevención de hiperbilirrubinemia severa, se siguen reportando casos de Kernicterus sobre todo en países en vías de desarrollo, en algunos de los cuales constituyen un problema de salud pública.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT Although jaundice affects more than half of infants in the first week of life, only a few of them develop severe hyperbilirubinemia and are at risk of developing bilirubin encephalopathy. Neurological involvement may occur acutely (acute bilirubin encephalopathy,) which may or may not progress to a chronic form (Kernicterus), or with a constellation of sensory, motor and cognitive, subacute or chronic symptoms, depending on the presence of risk factors that increase susceptibility to neurological damage. Free bilirubin interacts with inflammatory cytokines and is responsible for neuronal and glial cell damage in the central nervous system. Despite different methods to prevent severe hyperbilirubinemia, Kernicterus cases continue to be reported, especially in developing countries, including some where this condition constitutes a public health problem.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Hiperbilirrubinemia neonatal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[encefalopatía bilirrubínica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Kernicterus]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ictericia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[bilirubin encephalopathy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Kernicterus]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[jaundice]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
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