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Población y Desarrollo

Print version ISSN 2076-0531On-line version ISSN 2076-054X

Poblac.Desarro. vol.27 no.53 SAN LORENZO Dec. 2021

https://doi.org/10.18004/pdfce/2076-054x/2021.027.53.001 

Articles

Public health budget in Paraguay. Impact on basic health indicators. Period 2017-2020

Justo Manuel Camacho Guerreros1 
http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7162-0141

1Universidad Nacional de Asunción, Facultad de Ciencias Económicas. San Lorenzo, Paraguay.


The General Budget of the Nation (PNG) is the instrument for the allocation of financial resources for the fulfillment of state policies and objectives; it contemplates the amount, the origin of the income, the amount of the authorized expenses and the financing mechanisms.

Similarly, the PNG as a system is constituted by a set of standards, techniques, methods and procedures used that involves various agencies during the phases of programming, formulation, approval, execution, modification, control and evaluation of financial resources (Congress National of the Republic of Paraguay, 2021).

The amount approved by Law No. 6469 for 2020 was 86.3 billion guaranies. Likewise, in the period 2017-2020, the PGN of Paraguay experienced a growth of approximately 30%; distributed on average for the General Treasury and the Central Administration 57%, and 43% for Decentralized Entities. Among the organisms of the Central State Administration, twelve Ministries were identified until 2018; As of 2019, five Ministries are incorporated to which PGN resources are assigned, which are Environment and Sustainable Development; Childhood and Adolescence; Urbanism, Housing and Habitat; Information and communication technology; and Social Development.

In this sense, the Ministry of Public Health and Social Welfare (MSPyBS), is one of the seven- teen Ministries with which the Executive Power has to administer the country, specifically it is in charge of guaranteeing the fulfillment of the functions of rectory, conduction, financing and provision of health services, in order to achieve universal coverage, under the social protection approach, within the framework of the National Health System. (MSPyBS, 2021a).

It is important to indicate that in the 2017-2020 period, 12% of the PGN was distributed to meet the needs of the Health area.

For this purpose, the budget allocated for the MSPyBS in 2020 was 6 billion guaraníes, with an approximate growth of 31.66% compared to the amount in 2017; the distribution of resources in the referred period was 90.61% for current expenses and 9.39% for capital expenses (Ministry of Finance, 2021)

Likewise, the MSPyBS in order to provide statistical information on population, mortality, morbidity and births in Paraguay, since 1998, publishes annually a document that contains 62 indicators structured as follows, 6 demographic and socioeconomic, 1 of general mortality , 9 from maternal and infant mortality, 7 from mortality from large groups of causes, 15 from mortality from non-communicable diseases, 8 from morbidity and 16 from resources.

These indicators provide information on the scenario that frames the area of Health in Paraguay and can be contrasted with the goals set for 2030 of the third Sustainable Development Goal “Health and Well-being”; Some of them are, reduce maternal mortality to less than 70 per 100,000 live births, put an end to the preventable deaths of newborns and children under 5 years of age, put an end to the epidemics of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) , tuberculosis, malaria and tropical diseases, as well as reducing premature mortality from non-communicable diseases by a third, among others (United Nations, 2021).

In the study period of this research, there are some indicators with changes that favor the Health area in Paraguay; one of them is the Maternal Mortality Ratio per 100,000 live births, which fell from 86.4 in 2017 to 67.6 in 2020; another corresponds to the Mortality Rate (TM) due to emphysema (J43) per 100,000 inhabitants, which in 2019 decreased by 40% compared to the 2017 data and remained constant in 2020.

Similarly, the TM for Malignant Stomach Tumor (C16) per 100,000 inhabitants fell from 3.7 to 2.7; In the analysis period, reductions were noted in different TMs, such as the following: infant TMs per 1,000 live births, -1.6; Perinatal TM per 1,000 live births, -1.5; TM due to diseases originating in the perinatal period per 1,000 live births, -1.0; MT under 5 years of age per 1,000 live births, -1.4 and MT from acute respiratory infections (J00- J22) in children under 5 per 10,000 live births, -1.8.

Continuing with the findings, the indicators whose variations do not contribute favorably to Heal- th are detailed below; such as the confirmed Morbidity cases of dengue, which rose from 2,558 cases in 2017 to 12,452 in 2020, showing an increase of 386%; all forms of morbidity due to the incidence of tuberculosis increased by 6.6 the rate per 100,000 inhabitants and the Morbidity due to the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis smear (+) increased by 5.5 per 100,000 inhabitants. Likewise, in order of importance, the causes of mortality increased in Paraguay; first by Tumors, followed by Diseases of the respiratory system and finally by diseases of the circulatory system (MSPyBS, 2021b).

Other data to be considered are the reduction in the number of health establishments that carry out foot test samples and the number of health establishments in the MSPyBS.

Although the present investigation is framed in an established methodology, that contemplates the resources of the PGN; However, it is important to mention the incorporations approved by the Legislative Power through Law No. 6524 of March 26, 2020, equivalent to 10.2 billion guaraníes, to strengthen the health system, protect employment and avoid cuts of the payment chain in Paraguay, in the framework of the COVID-19 Pandemic.

REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS

Congreso Nacional de la República del Paraguay (1999). Ley Nº 1535 De Administración Financiera del Estado. Disponible en: https://www.bacn.gov.py/leyes-paraguayas/3000/ley-n-1535-de-administracion-financiera-del-estadoLinks ]

Congreso Nacional de la República del Paraguay (2020). Ley Nº 6469 Que aprueba el Presupuesto General de la Nación para el Ejercicio Fiscal 2020. Disponible en: https://www.bacn.gov.py/leyes-paraguayas/9115/ley-n-6469-aprueba-el-presupuesto-general-de-la-nacion-para-el-ejercicio-fiscal-2020Links ]

Congreso Nacional de la República del Paraguay (2020). Ley Nº 6524 que declara estado de emer- gencia en todo el territorio de la república del Paraguay ante la pandemia declarada por la organización mundial de la salud a causa del covid-19 o coronavirus y se establecen medidas administrativas, fiscales y financieras. Disponible en: http://silpy.congreso.gov.py/ley/142934Links ]

Ministerio de Hacienda (2021). Presupuesto General de la Nación. Disponible en: https://www.hacienda.gov.py/web-presupuesto/Links ]

Ministerio de Salud Pública y Bienestar Social (MSPyBS)(2021a). Misión. Disponible en: https://www.mspbs.gov.py/mision.htmlLinks ]

Ministerio de Salud Pública y Bienestar Social (MSPyBS) (2021b). Indicadores Básicos de la Salud. Disponible en: http://portal.mspbs.gov.py/digies/publicaciones/indicadores/Links ]

Organización de las Naciones Unidas (2021). Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible. Disponible en: https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/es/health/Links ]

Received: March 31, 2021; Accepted: June 30, 2021

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