Abstract

TROCHE-HERMOSILLA, Avelina Victoria. Post-infectious glomerulonephritis in Pediatrics. Literature. Rev. cient. cienc. salud [online]. 2022, vol.4, n.1, pp.135-145. ISSN 2664-2891.  https://doi.org/10.53732/rccsalud/04.01.2022.135.

Post-infectiousglomerulonephritis(PIGN) is the main cause of glomerulonephritis in pediatrics. It can be caused by a wide variety of bacteria, viruses, parasites and fungi. The prevalence of PIGN is decreasing in developed countries due to improved sanitary conditions, early diagnosis and the use of antibiotics. It mainly affects children between 4 and 14 years old, being infrequent under 3 years of age. It is more common in males. It manifests as acute nephritic syndrome with the presence of hematuria, arterial hypertension and acute renal failure. It is characterized by presenting low C3 that normalizes after 8 weeks of evolution. Complications are: acute renal failure, acute pulmonary edema and hypertensive encephalopathy, the last 2 caused by volume overload. Treatment is supportive, with administration of diuretics and fluid restriction. In most cases, there is a spontaneous and complete clinical recovery, and the prognosis has been considered excellent. However, some studies suggest that the disease could cause chronic kidney damage. Evolution towards chronic kidney disease is described in 1% of cases.

Keywords : glomerulonephritis; pediatrics; kidney diseases.

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