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Revista científica ciencias de la salud

On-line version ISSN 2664-2891

Abstract

GOMEZ-VENIALGO, Pablo et al. Frequency and clinical characteristics of pneumonia acquired in the community that require hospitalization. Rev. cient. cienc. salud [online]. 2020, vol.2, n.1, pp.27-34. ISSN 2664-2891.  https://doi.org/10.53732/rccsalud/02.01.2020.27.

Introduction: Community acquired pneumonia (CAP) has a high incidence and mortality rate in the elderly due to the presence of concomitant comorbiditiesand most of them require hospital admission. Objectives: To determine the frequency of pneumonia acquired in the community that require hospitalizations and their clinical characteristics in patients over 18 years of age who consulted at the Hospital Nacional de Itaugua in 2018. Material and methods: Observational retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study, which included patients aged over 18 years with community-acquired pneumonia who consulted at the Itaugua National Hospital in 2018.Results:One hundred and seventy patients were studied (mean age: 65 ± 19 years), 50.6% was male. Hospitalization requirement was 70.6%, of them 50% were adults older than 65 years and the most common comorbidities were high blood pressure (51.7%) and diabetes mellitus 25.8%. Of the 120 hospitalized patients, 40.8% presented complications, respiratory failure in 31.7% and pleural effusion 25.8%. Admission to the ICU was required by 23.33% of the patients, of them samples for culture from 20 patients were obtained, yielding Streptococcus pneumoniae in 25% and Haemophilus spp.20%. Mortality among hospitalized patients was 20%. Conclusions: In this series, hospitalization due to community acquired pneumonia is high. A high frequency of comorbidities was observed. Mortality rate was between expected range and associated to age over 50 years, and severe conditions such as sepsis, pleural effusion and congestive heart failure.

Keywords : pneumonia; comorbidities; intensity care unit; hospitalization..

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