Abstract

OZUNA, Myriam Paola; DELGADILLO VESTER, Lorena  and  JIMENEZ, Jimmy. Implementation of preventive measures for Health Care Associated Infections (HCAI) in a department of pediatric intensive care. Rev. cient. cienc. salud [online]. 2019, vol.1, n.2, pp.8-18. ISSN 2664-2891.  https://doi.org/10.53732/rccsalud/01.02.2019.08.

Objective. To know the effect of preventive measures of health care associated infection (HCAI) implemented at the Department of Pediatric Intensive Care of the Faculty of Medicine of the Universidad Nacional de Asunción, by comparing annual rate of infections before and after the implementation of preventive measurements and identify the causative germs. Methodology. Medical records of hospitalized patients from 2013 and 2014 were evaluated. Results. In 2013, a total of 283 admissions with a total 2,786 days of annual hospitalization and a global mortality of 20.6% were registered; in 2014, 286 patients were admitted, with a total of 1,893 days of annual hospitalization and an overall mortality of 9.3%. Infection rate of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) was 13.1/1000 in 2013; which was reduced in 2014 to 9.6/1000. Infection rate of Catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) was 5.4/1000 in 2013; and 7.4/1000 in 2014. For urinary tract infections associated with permanent urinary catheter (PUC), infection rate was 4.4 / 1000 in 2013; while in 2014 it was 2.3 / 1000. The most frequent isolates in the NAVM were P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. In CRBSI, coagulase-negative Staphylococcus followed by C. albicans and ESBL E. coli. In urinary tract infection, Candida spand Candida tropicalis. Conclusions. Measurement implemented for the reduction of IAAS contributed to the decrease in ventilator-associated pneumonia and urinary tract infection associated with catheters.

Keywords : healthcare-associated pneumonia; prevention and control; respiration artificial.

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