Abstract

FRANCO, Rosmary et al. Identification of atypical mycobacteria isolated from clinical samples at the Public Health Central Laboratory, Paraguay (2010-2013). Rev. Soc. cient. Parag. [online]. 2023, vol.28, n.1, pp.41-55. ISSN 2617-4731.  https://doi.org/10.32480/rscp.2023.28.1.41.

Abstract: Mycobacteriosis is a pathology caused by mycobacteria known as atypical (AM) or non-MT (NMT), with complex diagnosis and treatment. Of the almost 200 species described, about 25 are the most commonly involved as opportunistic infectious agents. The appearance of HIV and invasive aesthetic treatments led to its manifestation as an emerging disease in recent years. The frequency of isolation of atypical mycobacteria in clinical samples and strains admitted to the Central Public Health Laboratory between 2010 and 2013 was determined. Of 2765 positive cultures for mycobacteria, 171 isolates corresponded to atypical mycobacteria, which were identified by the molecular technique PRA-hsp65 (PCR Restriction Analysis-hsp65), and by sequencing the genes 16S rRNA, hsp-65 and rpo β in isolates that could not be identified by PRA-hsp65. The total frequency of isolates was 6.2%, corresponding to the following distribution: M. intracellulare 25.9%, M. avium 25.9%, M. abscessus 13.3% and M. fortuitum 12.7 %; the remaining 17.1% involves 14 different species; and in 9 cases (5.1%) no identification was reached. They were mostly isolated in samples of pulmonary origin (88.9%); in adulthood (32.2%) and the elderly (26.9%); in the male sex (62.6%); as well as in people living with HIV/AIDS (12.3%). The results obtained coincide with the regional publications in terms of the most frequently isolated species, and co-infection with HIV. Regarding the origin of the sample, age and sex, there is no general consensus on the relationship with these variables in the publications.

Keywords : atypical mycobacteria; mycobacteriosis, PRA-hsp65, PLWHA, sequencing..

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