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Medicina clínica y social
versión On-line ISSN 2521-2281
Resumen
CORDOVA SILVA, Gabriela; YPANEQUE ANCAJIMA, Jhon Edwin; SALY ROSAS SOLANO, José Luis y SILVA RODRIGUEZ, José Miguel. Community approach to identify cases of anemia in pregnant women, boys and girls in three communities in Peru. Med. clín. soc. [online]. 2021, vol.5, n.3, pp.152-157. ISSN 2521-2281. https://doi.org/10.52379/mcs.v5i3.193.
Introduction:
Iron deficiency anemia affects growth and cognitive development from the first stages of human life. It is necessary to undertake a community strategy to detect cases in a timely manner in order to guarantee comprehensive development opportunities in later life stages. Objective: To describe a community approach model for the detection of cases of anemia in boys and girls in three marginal urban communities in northern Peru.
Methodology:
A prospective, cross-sectional, observational epidemiological study, 412 people were screened with spectrophotometry equipment, including pregnant women, boys and girls under 5 years of age. In addition, anonymous questionnaires were applied to evaluate the determinants of health. Homes with anemia cases were geo-located and a computer application was developed for storing information.
Results:
In the communities of San José and Salamanca, 3.9% (16) and 7% (29) cases of anemia were represented respectively, and only 1.7% (7) cases in Los Jardines. There is a significant relationship between the communities and the appearance of cases of anemia p value = 0.001; 95% CI confidence interval. Furthermore, 9.5% (39) of anemia cases did not have access to any social program. Finally, 83.7% (345) of those screened did not report anemia and were supplemented with micronutrients.
Conclusions:
The community model could be a benchmark in primary health care as a strategy for social determinism in cases of anemia in pregnant women, boys and girls.
Palabras clave : Health models; health surveillance; anemia; communities; pregnant women; boys.