Introduction:

Mortality from severe head injury (TBI g) in pediatric patients increases in direct proportion to the severity of the initial injury. It is estimated between 1 and 7% of children under 18 years of age affected by this disease in the world. The incidence of death from this cause ranges from 2.8 to 3.75 per 100,000 children annually.

Methodology:

A correlational descriptive study was carried out in the pediatric intensive care service of the General Teaching Hospital “Roberto Rodríguez” in Morón, Ciego de Ávila, Cuba, in the period between January 2003 and December 2017. Minor patients were included of 18 years. The interventions were continuous monitoring of intracranial pressure, through an external ventriculostomy and cerebral perfusion pressure and the variable intracranial pressure and cerebral perfusion pressure.

Results:

41 children were studied. Those between 5 and 17 years old predominated with 35 cases (85.3%). Cerebral perfusion pressure in children under 1 year of age was> 47mmhg in the two cases studied, from 1-4 years> 47mmhg in 2 cases and <47mmhg in 2 cases. From 5-17 years it was> 50mmhg in 23 cases (65.7%) and <50mmhg in 12 (34.3%). 28 patients underwent decompressive craniectomy, in 17 (60.7%) it was possible to control intracranial pressure. Cerebral perfusion pressure> 50mmhg was associated with grade V on the Glasgow Outcome Scale.

Discussion:

The control of cerebral perfusion pressure with different values adjusted to the different age groups, through the manipulation of intracranial pressure and mean arterial pressure in the child, showed an adequate relationship with the favorable results.