Introduction:

Systemic vasculitis belongs to a group of rare, serious multisystemic diseases, that without treatment can be life-threatening.

Objective:

To study and to determine the clinical characteristics and mortality of patients with systemic vasculitis admitted in the period 2000-2020, in two public hospitals in Paraguay.

Material and Method:

a retrospective, descriptive, observational, cross-sectional study with an analytical component of 41 adult patients with a diagnosis of systemic vasculitis. The diagnosis was made by clinical, laboratory, imaging and histological findings. Risk factors for mortality were established by the chi-square test, considering a p value less than p <0.05 to be significant.

Results

: 41 patients were studied, 24 women (58.54%) and 17 men (41.46%), vasculitis associated with ANCA 31 (77.5%), 17 with granulomatosis with polyangiitis and 14 patients with microscopic polyangiitis. Polyarteritis nodosa 5 (12.5%), cryoglobulinemia 2 (5%), anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody disease 2 (5%), Takayasu arteritis 3 (7.32%), progression to chronic kidney disease 5 (12.50 %)). Mortality 16 (39%). The factors related to mortality were: alveolar hemorrhage, acute kidney injury, rapidly progressive nephritis, bilateral cottony infiltrate (p = ≤ 0.05).

Conclusion:

The most frequent vasculitis was associated with ANCA, followed by parteritis nodosa. We found a high mortality rate, mainly secondary to lung and kidney involvement.

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