Objective:

To determine the risk of immediate death due to vascular events in hypertensive patients in the Peruvian population in the period 2021-2022.

Methodology:

Observational, case-control study based on data from the national death system of the National Institute of Statistics and Informatics of Peru between January 2021 and August 2022. All patients, hypertensive and non-hypertensive, who died from any of the vascular affections selected in the variables which were, in addition to the presence of hypertension: cardiac arrest, ischemic and hemorrhagic cerebrovascular accident, cardiogenic shock. The Pearson's Chi-square test and the odds ratio were performed for the estimation of the risk.

Results:

Of 5385 deaths due to myocardial infarction, 54.80% had arterial hypertension; of 1425 deaths due to cardiogenic shock, 45.12% were hypertensive; of 434 deaths from ischemic stroke, 52.76% suffered arterial hypertension; of the 746 who died from hemorrhagic stroke, 56.97% were hypertensive; of the 4,401 deaths from cardiac arrest, 25.61% also had arterial hypertension. It was found that hypertensive patients had a 7.52 times higher risk of dying from acute myocardial infarction, 3.39 times from cardiogenic shock, 5.75 times from ischemic stroke, 10.27 times from hemorrhagic stroke and 1.94 times from heart attack.

Conclusions:

Vascular conditions from highest to lowest risk of causing death in hypertensives are cerebrovascular accident, myocardial infarction, ischemic cerebrovascular accident, cardiogenic shock and cardiac arrest.

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