Resumen

RAMIREZ, Jessica Lilibeth Domínguez  y  PELAEZ, Carlos Eduardo Arévalo. Obesity and arterial hypertension and their relationship with weight loss. Rev. virtual Soc. Parag. Med. Int. [online]. 2023, vol.10, n.1, pp.87-97. ISSN 2312-3893.  https://doi.org/10.18004/rvspmi/2312-3893/2023.10.01.87.

Obesity is an abnormal and excessive accumulation of fat that is detrimental to health with a negative impact on quality of life, associated with comorbidities such as arterial hypertension. In 2015, it was estimated that there were 603.7 million obese adults in the world. The NHANES data consider a progressive increase in obesity and overweight in the last 30 years, from 22.9% to 42.4%. In Ecuador 6 out of 10 people are overweight or obese. Hypertension in obesity is most often determined by vascular aging accelerated by inflammatory processes, oxidative stress, and insulin resistance. Changes in lifestyle determine that for every 1 kg of weight loss, there is a short-term reduction of 1 mmHg in systolic blood pressure. Bariatric surgery has an impact on weight loss and cardiovascular factors. Epidemiological records have shown a direct linear relationship between obesity and blood pressure: as weight increases, blood pressure increases. Similarly, the effect of blood pressure reduction on weight loss appears to be linear: the greater the weight loss, the greater the decrease in blood pressure.

Palabras clave : obesity; weight loss; hypertension; arterial pressure.

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