Resumen

ENCISO ROJAS, Ángel Daniel. Risk factors associated with diabetic foot. Rev. virtual Soc. Parag. Med. Int. [online]. 2016, vol.3, n.2, pp.58-70. ISSN 2312-3893.  https://doi.org/10.18004/rvspmi/2312-3893/2016.03(02)58-070.

Introduction: The diabetic foot is one of the main causes of higher morbidity and disability in people with Diabetes Mellitus. This population comprises up to 70% of amputations, mostly triggered by infections. The peripheral vascular disease and the peripheral neuropathy associated with metabolic control play an important role in its genesis. The knowledge about them associated with prevention measures in primary care contribute to reduce this scourge that currently afflicts millions. Objectives: To determine risk factors associated with diabetic food lesions and to describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with diabetic foot lesions. Material and methods: Case-control study with non-probabilistic consecutive sampling. Adult diabetic patients with and without foot lesions, without previous amputations, independent of pharmacological treatment and admitted into the Department of Internal Medicine during 2015 were included. Results: 86 subjects were included, 59% of the cases had onychomycosis, 57% neuropathy, 67% vasculopathy, 45% some deformity and 63% used inadequate footwear. Conclusions: Onychomycosis represented a significant risk factor for the development of diabetic foot (p = 0.02). Concerning vasculopathy, neuropathy and glycemic control, a significant risk could not be established.

Palabras clave : diabetic foot; diabetic polyneuropathy; diabetic angiopathy; onychomycosis.

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